Introduction: At present, the problem of pharmacological correction of free radical processess emerges full-blown. The aim of the study is an experimental study of the neuroprotective effect of taurine and 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives. Materials and methods: The study was performed in Wistar rats. The neuroprotective effect of the substances was studied in the intracerebral hemorrhage model. Results and discussion: The administration of the studied substances had a positive effect on the survival of the animals within the first day (50% of rats died in the control group, 30% – in the Mexidol- and Ethoxidol-treated groups, and 20% – in LKhT 3-17-treated group). Within the first day after the surgery, all rats with stroke had severe neurological disorders. However, by the 3rd day, the Ethoxidol- and LKhT 3-17-treated rats had a lower neurological deficit. By Day 14, all groups of animals treated with the test substances had a lower severity of post-stroke disorders than those in the control group, which was evident as a 1.5-time lower McGraw Stroke Index score. LKhT 3-17 substance showed the most pronounced neuroprotective effect. Conclusions: The studied derivatives of taurine and 3-hydroxypyridine have a neuroprotective effect, which is manifested in the lower severity of neurological disorders,a more rapid reduction in the signs of neurodegeneration and accelerated hemorrhage processes.

Introduction: Every year the importance of the normal functioning of the endothelial layer of the vascular wall in maintaining the health of the body becomes more and more obvious. The physiological role of the endothelium: The endothelium is a metabolically active organ actively involved in the regulation of hemostasis, modulation of inflammation, maintenance of hemovascular homeostasis, regulation of angiogenesis, vascular tone, and permeability. Risk factors for the development of endothelial dysfunction: Currently, insufficient bioavailability of nitric oxide is considered the most significant risk factor for endothelial dysfunction. Mechanisms of development of endothelial dysfunction: The genesis of endothelial dysfunction is a multifactorial process. Among various complex mechanisms, this review examines oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, vitamin D deficiency, dyslipidemia, excess visceral fat, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, as well as primary genetic defect of endotheliocytes, as the most common causes in the population underlying the development of endothelial dysfunction. Markers of endothelial dysfunction in various diseases: This article discusses the main biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction currently used, as well as promising biomarkers in the future for laboratory diagnosis of this pathology. Therapeutic strategies: Therapeutic approaches to the endothelium in order to prevent or reduce a degree of damage to the vascular wall are briefly described. Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction is a typical pathological process involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Thus, pharmacological agents with endothelioprotective properties can provide more therapeutic benefits than a drug without such an effect.

The correction of free radical oxidation processes is one of the most promising strategies of neuroprotection in acute cerebrovascular disorders.The aim of the study is an experimental study of the neuroprotective effects of 3-hydroxypyridine and erythropoietin derivatives, as well as their combined use.Materials and methods. The study was performed on 109 male Wistar rats. The neuroprotective effect of the substances was studied on a hemorrhagic stroke model. The study drugs were administered to the animals intraperitoneally. Carbamylated darbepoetin was administered three times in advance at the dose of 100 µg/kg within intervals of 3 days, the last injection took place 1 hour before the operation (the total dose was 300 mg/kg). Etoxidol was administered once 1 hour before the surgery at the dose of 50 mg/kg. The survival rate, behavioral features and the state of the animals on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days were recorded, and the morphological assessment of the brain was carried out.Results. The investigated substances had a positive effect on both the survival rate of the animals during the first day and on the 14th day. The best survival rates on the 14th day were recorded in the group of a combined use of ethoxydol and carbamylated darbepoetin (75%). Thus, in this group of rats, a faster recovery of neurological disorders was already distinguished from the first day on. By the 7th day, more than 50% of the rats receiving the combination of the studied drugs, had had a slight neurological deficit (up to 3 points on the McGrow scale); by the 14th day there had been only minor changes in the neurological status in the rats of this group. A pronounced neuroprotective effect of the combination of 3-hydroxypyridine and erythropoietin derivatives has been confirmed by a histological examination of brain slices – a more rapid decrease in the size of perifocal edema and microcirculation disorders, less damage to neurons and glial elements, and faster processes of resorption and organization of hemorrhage. A macroscopic examination of the brain sections stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride of the dying rats, showed that perifocal necrosis had been the main cause of high mortality in the control group after the 3rd day.Conclusion. As a result of the experiment, the nephroprotective effect of the studied derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine and erythropoietin has been proved. Moreover, the combination of these drugs has shown a greater neuroprotective activity than their isolated use. The additive effect of these drugs was due to their action mechanism resulting from the synergism of various structures and components of the cells.

Introduction: Limiting the action of secondary injury factors can improve the prognosis in acute cerebral accidents. The aim of the investigation is to study the neuroprotective effects of 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives. Materials and methods: The study was performed in Wistar rats. An intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model was used. The animals were once administered intraperitoneally with the test drugs 1 hour before the surgery and on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days. The registration of behaviors and condition of the animals on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 and the morphological examination of the brain were performed. Results and discussion: The use of the substances LKhT 4-97 and LKhT 11-02 in the treatment of experimental ICH had a positive effect on the survival rate of the animals and on the resolution rate of pathological signs (p<0.05). Clinical observations were confirmed by the results of analysis of the S100b brain damage marker and morphometry. The efficacy of LKhT 3-15 was largely comparable to that of the reference drug Mexidol. The efficacy of LKhT 01-09 was significantly inferior to that of the reference drug Mexidol. Differences in the neuroprotective effects of the studied substances are related to the metabolism of their various pharmacophores. A hypothetical mechanism for the induction of their neuroprotective effects has been proposed. Conclusion: Three of the four 3-hydroxypyridine derivatives under study have a neuroprotective effect, which is manifested in a more rapid resolution of pathological symptoms and less pronounced signs of neurodegeneration.