The presence of melting temperatures oscillatory and stepwise changes for hydrocarbons four homologous series is demonstrated and analyzed. The oscillating dependence is manifesteds on the principle of «even-odd» molecules with different deviations from linearity. According to the working hypothesis, this is due to the presence of the matter smallest structural unit in the cluster form of with a certain coordination number. The oscillation of melting temperatures in hydrocarbons series is explained by the fact that clustering can occur both at the site of the final carbon in the molecule and at other carbons in the molecule chain, and this fact depends on the «even-odd» effect. Based on the known values of melting temperatures in homologous series, the clusters probable structure is assumed. It is shown that graphs for the calculated values of equivalent lengths of these clusters correlate with corresponding graphs for hydrocarbons melting temperatures. An approximation formula has been developed to predict melting temperatures of hydrocarbons based on the values of the equivalent length and the cluster molecular weight, which operates with an approximation coefficient of 0.997 and a mean deviation of 4.2 K.

To extinguish alcohols, it is proposed to use a two-layer material consisting of a layer of a light porous carrier, on which an insulating gel layer is applied. The use of crushed foam glass as a porous carrier is justified. To obtain an insulating layer of gel, it is proposed to use a gel-forming system CaCl2 + Na2 O · 2.7 SiO2 . The insulating and cooling properties with respect to the alcohols of two separate layers and the buoyancy of a crushed foam glass layer are determined. The cooling properties of the two-layer foam glass - gel material were evaluated. To increase the cooling properties of the foam glass, it is proposed to wet it. It was found that, at the same time as the cooling effect increases, wetting of the foam glass leads to a decrease in its buoyancy and insulating properties with respect to alcohol vapors. The heights of dry and wetted foam glass layers necessary to stop the combustion of one, two, and three atomic alcohols were experimentally determined. It is concluded that alcohols can be quenched with dry and moistened foam glass, both with a gel layer applied to its surface and without a gel layer.

Formation mechanisms of substances explosive properties based on the supramolecular structure prediction were studied and the appropriate analytical index was developed. The explosiveness index Kр was introduced based on the "melting ease" parameter, taking into account the equivalent length nСeq of the smallest supramolecular structure in the cluster form. The model performance was tested for the simplest explosive – nitromethane and similar compounds. It is shown that for values of the index Kр<1, combustible substances are not capable of the detonation, and for Kр>1, this index is proportional to the explosives detonation velocity. According to the presence of the explosive properties oscillation, using the example of alkanes homologous series, a connection was established with supramolecular structure features of the substance in the solid state. It is explained that such oscillation is the phenomenon consequence of molecules "evenity-oddity" in a homologous series and indicates the transition in the flame front of a substance to a solid state. It is proposed to consider the spread of the defla-gration and detonation combustion as different mechanisms of clustering in the flame front. A model is considered that for combustible substances due to the pressures in the flame front, the condensation or peroxide clustering can occur in a similar way to their clustering during the phase transition to the solid state at the melting temperature, which involves the formation of supramolecular polymer-like structures that are easier to condense under increased pressure in flame front. It has been proven that the difference between the detonation process of combustible mixtures and the detonation of explosive compounds is the need for a phase transition to a condensed state in the substance clusters form or its peroxides.

The article deals with the role of electrodes materials in improving the industrial wastewater treatment from pollutants by electrochemical action. The instability constants of the complexes and coordinated ligand molecules were calculated. Based on the research conducted regarding the rationalisation of the poly-ligand electrolytes and electrolysis modes, a variative flow scheme of the coatings deposition by triple alloy has been developed. The corrosion resistance characteristics of the coatings obtained in the form of alloy, that were obtained from complex electrolyte that satisfy the necessary coatings requirements for effective treatment of wastewater have been researched. The obtained coatings have better corrosion resistance than in special steels of electrochemical purpose.

Розглянуто задачу адекватного прогнозування температур плавлення tmp вуглеводнів, як базової температури для багатьох практичних розрахунків, на основі моделювання їх надмолекулярної будови. Проаналізовано коливальність залежності tmp(nС) у гомологічних рядах алканів нормальної та ізомерної будови. Проведено огляд методик врахування у розрахунку параметрів властивостей речовини «парності-непарності» молекул за кількістю атомів карбону для алканів. Прийнято до розгляду найменшу структурну одиницю речовини у вигляді кластеру з певним координаційним числом. Використано для розрахунку tmp алканів ізомерної будови методику розрахунку їх середньої довжини lсер, розроблену для прогнозування температури самоспалахування. Показано, що залежності tmp від молекулярної маси кластеру для вуглеводнів та металів суттєво відрізняються. Зроблено висновок про визначальний вплив будови кластеру на tmp (лінійна будова для вуглеводнів та у вигляді кристалічної ґратки для металів). Розглянуто 3 методики розрахунку довжини кластеру на підставі значень lсер молекули та координаційного числа. Встановлено, що розрахунки на підставі параметрів однієї молекули дають недостатню кореляцію для tmp алканів – 0,92, після адаптації методики для визначення довжини кластеру досягнуто R2=0,984, врахування еквівалентної довжини кластеру підвищує R2 до 0,993. Показано, що розрахунок tmp повинен враховувати еквівалентну довжину nСeкв та молекулярну масу M кластеру. Розроблено комплексний параметр «легкість плавлення» як nСeквM0,2 та відповідну аналітичну залежність для tmp з R2=0,99 для 90 сполук рядів алканів нормальної та ізомерної будови, н-алкенів, н-алкінів та н-циклоалканів. Доведено опосередкованим шляхом наявність та визначальний вплив надмолекулярної кластерної будови речовини. Досягнуто можливість прогнозування tmp вуглеводнів з адекватним відбиванням коливальності залежності tmp(nС).