Among twelve strains of actinobacteria, the most effective strains were selected for the inhibition of both P. acnes and S. epidermidis as well as for enzyme activities. Actinobacterial strains isolated in this study could be used to produce active metabolites for cosmetics applications.

Various cosmetics having a single function are increasingly being used, but cosmetics having multifunctional activities remain limited. We aimed to develop a multifunctional cosmetic cream having antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anti-aging and antimicrobial activities. Antimicrobial activities were performed by disc-diffusion method. Cell toxicity and cell proliferations were evaluated in a 96-well plate with different cell lines such as HaCaT, RAW264.7, CCD-986Sk, B16F1, and B16F10. Mushroom tyrosinase inhibition, elastase inhibition, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities were evaluated and IC50 was calculated. Mesoporous silica particle was synthesized using Pluronic P123 and tetraethyl ortho-silicate (TEOS). Facial pictures were captured by VISIA-CR (Facial Imaging System for Clinical Research). Roughness of image was analysed by PRIMOS software and brightness of image was analyzed by Chromameter CR-400. The crude product of strain T65 inhibited the different human pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The IC50 of T65 crude product for mushroom tyrosinase, elastase, and DPPH radical scavenging activities were 58.73, 14.68, and 6.31 µg/mL, respectively. T65 crude product proliferated collagen type I in CCD-986Sk cell up to 145.91% ± 9.11% (mean ± SD; mean of 24, 48, and 72 h) at 250 pg/mL. Synthesized mesoporous particles (SBA-15) confirmed the sustainable performance by control-release for three days. Formulated functional cosmetic cream containing T65 embedded SBA-15, significantly decreased the skin roughness by 4.670% and increased the skin brightness by 0.472% after application of 4 weeks. T65 crude product inhibited both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Synthesized mesoporous particle, SBA-15, confirmed the physiologically active substance was released in sustainable release condition. T65 crude product showed impeccable antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening activities with non-cytotoxic effects to different cell lines related to the human skin.

During isolation of soil bacteria having antibacterial functions, an aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive bacterium, designated strain R434T, was isolated. Strain R434T showed antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis and significant enzyme-inhibitory capability. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the whole-cell sugars were galactose, arabinose and glucose. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain R434T formed a lineage within the family Pseudonocardiaceae. Strain R434T showed highest sequence similarity with type strains of the genus Actinokineospora, including Actinokineospora guangxiensis Gk-6T (99.4 % sequence similarity), Actinokineospora soli YIM 75948T (98.5 %), Actinokineospora fastidiosa IMSNU 20054T (98.0 %), Actinokineospora cibodasensis ID03-0784T (97.9 %), Actinokineospora terrae IFO 15668T (97.6 %) and Actinokineospora auranticolor IFO 16518T (97.4 %). The predominant respiratory quinone of strain R434T was MK-9(H4). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified glycolipid. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1 H and C17 : 1ω6c. The DNA G+C content of strain R434T was 71.6 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, strain R434T represents a novel species of the genus Actinokineospora, for which the name Actinokineospora acnipugnans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of 'Actinokineospora acnipugnans' is R434T (=KEMB 9005-403T=KACC 18904T=JCM 31557T).

An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid, creamish-white-coloured bacterium, designated strain R161T, was isolated from soil in Hwaseong, South Korea. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, aspartic acid, serine and lysine, and whole-cell sugars were galactose, rhamnose, glucose and ribose. Strain R161T showed antibacterial and enzyme inhibitory activities. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain R161T formed a lineage within the family Dermacoccaceae, and showed highest sequence similarity with type strains of Calidifontibacter indicus PC IW02T (97.71 % sequence similarity) and Yimella lutea YIM 45900T (97.58 %). The sequence similarity of strain R161T with type strains of members of the genus Dermacoccus was less than 96.5 %. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 1 H, anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl) and iso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strain R161T was 73.9 mol%. The DNA-DNA hybridization value between strain R161T and C. indicus JCM 16038T was 52.1 %. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, strain R161T represents a novel species of genus Calidifontibacter, for which the name Calidifontibacter terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Calidifontibacter terrae sp. nov. is R161T (=KEMB 9005-404T=KACC 18906T=JCM 31558T).