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This paper examines the service mode selection strategy of a ride‐hailing platform and analyzes the impact of the strategy on consumers and drivers. The platform has three service modes to select from, including Mode L (only low‐quality services), Mode H (only high‐quality services), and Mode HL (high‐ and low‐quality services). We find that each service mode does not affect the price and the wage of the low‐quality service but affects those of the high‐quality service. Additionally, the platform cannot optimally select Mode L. The platform is better off if the car quality difference between high‐ and low‐quality services (CQD) is small and is worse off otherwise, under Mode HL. Counter‐intuitively, it is conditional for Mode HL to bring the highest surpluses to both consumers and drivers, and the conditions are related to CQD, social status utility of consumers and cost ratio between the drivers providing the two types of services.

As a means for the power grid company to guide industrial users to reduce power consumption through economic compensation, incentive-based demand response management (IBDRM) plays an important role in the process that industrial users purchase power directly from power plants (direct power-purchase for short). Therefore, this paper studies the impacts of IBDRM on the power grid company, power plants, and industrial users from the perspective of industrial users' direct power-purchase, so as to analyze whether the power grid company should implement IBDRM in direct power-purchase. First, we model the interactions of the power grid company, the power plant, and the industrial user under different scenarios, including Case N (the power grid company does not implement IBDRM) and Case R (the power grid company implements IBDRM) by using Stackelberg game. Then, we solve the models to get equilibrium results. The primary contributions of this article include following parts: 1) Compared with Case N, the power plant's power selling price and the industrial user's power-purchase quantity are higher under Case R, and both are negatively correlated with the compensation for the power plant. 2) The power grid company should implement IBDRM in direct power-purchase. Because under Case R, the industrial user reduces the power consumption, the profits of the power grid company and the power plant are higher, and the social welfare is also greater. 3) Under Case R, we also find that the social welfare is positively correlated with the compensation for the industrial user.

生物大分子可视化技术综述郭栋梁 1,2) , 王艳芬 3)* , 李煜 1) , 郭瑶瑶 1) , 徐锡明 4) , 聂俊岚 1) 1) (燕山大学信息科学与工程学院 秦皇岛 066004) 2) (河北省软件工程重点实验室 秦皇岛 066004) 3) (燕山大学工程训练中心 秦皇岛 066004) 4) (中国海洋大学医药学院 青岛 266003)