We conducted a meta-analysis of 13 instructional arrangement studies that were conducted with children with autism spectrum disorders to improve academic and social communication skills and behavior. Results across the studies indicate that peer-mediated instructional arrangement is a robust method for teaching and improving various academic and other related skills-communication and social. Peermediated instructional arrangement strategies also facilitated maintenance and generalization of learned skills in half of the reviewed studies. We discuss the results and make suggestions for future researchers and practitioners.

Family counselors working with families and children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders may seek assistance from a variety of sources in order to support their clients. Despite the need, few community resources are available to meet the varied and complex needs of families. The authors discuss a community-based program that can be used as an adjunct to family counseling. Specifically, this study used a survey and interview to examine perceptions of the benefits of participation in this program. The study identified four themes: (1) knowledge, (2) altered living patterns, (3) heightened coping skills, and (4) desired changes. These themes supported parental views of the success of the parent-professional networking group. Considerations for both family counseling practice and research are considered.

No abstract

Total plasma bilirubin, apparent unbound plasma bilirubin, cerebellar glycogen and Purkinje cells were quantified in heterozygous Gunn rats, homozygous Gunn rats and normal Wistar rats. Our results indicated that, in the Gunn rat, total bilirubin, apparent unbound bilirubin, and the bilirubin/albumin molar ratio are highly correlated with each other and with alterations in cerebellar Purkinje cells and accumulation of cerebellar glycogen. In addition, cerebella of heterozygous Gunn rats contained many abnormal Purkinje cells without intramitochondrial glycogen and cerebella of homozygous Gunn rats showed many Purkinje cells with intramitochondrial glycogen. Our results demonstrate previously unreported differences between heterozygous Gunn rats and controls. We suggest that a population of Purkinje cells in the heterozygous Gunn rats may have received a cellular insult from fetal exposure to bilirubin.

This research aimed to identify clinical psychology trainees’ perceptions of the impact of case discussion groups on their training and on the development of reflective practice. Ten trainees were interviewed and four themes extracted from the data.