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The electrosorption behavior of cytosine at the mercury electrode/acetic buffer of pH 4 and 5 interfaces was determined from the double-layer differential capacity measurements extrapolated to zero frequency. Solutions of cytosine were prepared to cover the range from 1 × 10-4 to 6 × 10-3 mol dm-3. Adsorption of cytosine was described by the adsorption isotherms constants derived from the surface pressure data as a function of electrode charge density and bulk concentration. The obtained values of the relative surface excesses Γ′ were higher in the acetic buffer of pH 4 than of pH 5. Maximum of cytosine adsorption in the mentioned buffers was at -581 and -551 mV, respectively. The values of the standard Gibbs energy ∆G° obtained from the Frumkin isotherm were higher in the buffer of pH 4 than of pH 5. The values of the interaction parameter A indicated weaker repulsive interaction between adsorbed molecules of cytosine in the former buffer. The adsorption parameters obtained from the virial isotherm confirmed corresponding parameters obtained from the Frumkin isotherm. The dependences of ΦM-2 on the relative surface excess at a constant charge density were analyzed in order to calculate the electrostatic parameters of the inner layer.

Adsorption of 1-decanesulfonic acid at the electrode–NaClO4 solution interface was determined by double-layer differential capacity measurements. At potentials less than −1,200 mV, the adsorption of the anionic surfactant on the electrode does not occur. Low concentrations of the anionic surfactant (below cmc) causes slight changes in the zero charge potential, Ez, and the surface tension at this potential, γz. The adsorption of the anionic surfactant was analyzed using the constants obtained from the following isotherms: Frumkin, corrected Flory–Huggins, and virial.Graphical Abstract

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