<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study examines the fundamental things of the Inquiry Method that can be used to improve critical thinking skills. The purpose of this study are: a) Knowing the mechanism of the Inquiry Method can be used to improve critical thinking skills, b) Knowing the steps of critical thinking, c) Knowing the characteristics of critical thinking, d) Knowing the supporting components of the increasing critical thinking skills by applying inquiry method, and e) Knowing the role of supporting components and their influence in improving critical thinking skills by applying inquiry methods. The results of the study revealed that critical thinking consisted of six sub-abilities which became the core of critical thinking skills, namely interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. The steps of the Inquiry method are the foundation for critical thinking and can be used as a "thinking map". The process of reasoning in a systematic, logical and deep manner accompanied by scientific arguments along with evidence in the form of accurate data/information so that conclusions can be used to train critical thinking. The dominant supporting component that can influence the increase in critical thinking skills using inquiry methods is motivation and learning environment.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini mengkaji hal-hal mendasar pada Metode Inkuiri yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: a) Mengetahui mekanisme Metode Inkuiri dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, b) Mengetahui langkah-langkah berpikir kritis, c) Mengetahui karakteristik berpikir kritis, d) Mengetahui komponen-komponen pendukung terjadinya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan penerapan metode inkuiri, dan e) Mengetahui peranan komponen pendukung  dan pengaruhnya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan penerapan metode inkuiri. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa berpikir kritis terdiri dari enam sub-kemampuan yang menjadi inti kemampuan berpikir kritis yaitu interpretasi, analisis, evaluasi, inferensi, eksplanasi dan regulasi diri. Langkah-langkah metode Inkuiri merupakan landasan untuk berpikir kritis dan dapat digunakan sebagai “peta berpikir”. Proses penalaran secara sistematis, logis dan mendalam yang disertai argumentasi ilmiah beserta bukti berupa data/informasi yang akurat sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan dapat digunakan untuk melatih berpikir kritis. Komponen pendukung yang dominan dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan menggunakan metode inkuiri adalah motivasi dan lingkungan belajar.</p>

This research aims to improve academic ability and help students to be able to find the values of life that it is useful to become a whole person. This research is a research of learning that it was prepared by Ignatian compassion) . The evaluation is done with observing the improvement of academic ability and the invention of life values. Implementation of Ignatian pedagogy in thermodynamics course has been able to improve academic and non academic ability of the students. The academic achievement is indicated by increasing the value of IPS and IPK. While non-academic achievement is indicated by the discovery of life values such as awareness of the need to advance, unyielding spirit, confidence, caring, discipline, systematic thinking, logical, conscientious, respecting process, independent, imaginative, responsible, self-handling, caring and moving to always try to get better. Keywords: context, experience, reflection, action, evaluationAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan akademik dan membantu mahasiswa untuk dapat menemukan nilai-nilai kehidupan yang berguna untuk menjadi pribadi yang utuh. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pembelajaran yang disusun dengan berbasis Pedagogi Ignasian. Unsur-unsur pokok yang merupakan sistem pada Pedagogi Ignasian adalah kontekspengalaman-refleksi-aksi-evaluasi. Sistem tersebut diaplikasikan pada setiap pertemuan. Penggalian pengalaman dilakukan di laboratorium yang memungkinkan mahasiswa untuk aktif belajar secara mandiri dan kelompok yaitu dengan praktikum, melihat video, mengerjakan soal, menggambarkan diagram keadaan, memberikan contoh fenomena sehari-hari yang terkait dengan materi, presentasi dan mencoba menurunkan persamaan. Melalui refleksi antara pengalaman dan aksi, mahasiswa diajak untuk mampu menemukan nilai-nilai Spiritualitas Ignasian yang berguna untuk perkembangan hidup mahasiswa menjadi pribadi yang utuh yang diperoleh dengan mengasah 3C (competence, conscience dan compassion). Evaluasi dilakukan dengan mengamati peningkatan kemampuan akademik dan penemuan nilai-nilai kehidupan. Penerapan Pedagogi Ignasian pada mata kuliah Termodinamika telah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan akademik dan non akademik mahasiswa. Peningkatan prestasi akademik diindikasikan dengan peningkatan nilai IPS dan IPK. Sedangkan prestasi non akademik diindikasikan dengan diketemukannya nilai-nilai kehidupan seperti kesadaran akan kebutuhan untuk maju, semangat pantang menyerah, percaya diri, kepedulian, disiplin, berpikir sistematis, logis, teliti, menghargai proses, mandiri, imajinatif, bertanggung jawab, mengatasi diri, bekerjasama, dan tergerak untuk selalu berusaha menjadi lebih baik.

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract: </strong>This research applies a guided inquiry method that is used to improve critical thinking skills in cognitive categories, general and special affective disposition categories and to determine the difference in the proportion of scores of six critical thinking elements in the cognitive category of fifth-grade students in four Kanisius elementary schools in Yogyakarta. The type of research used quantitative research. Critical thinking ability in the cognitive category is known from the results of the pretest and posttest scores which are arranged based on the test essays of a case. Whereas to measure the critical thinking skills of general and special affective disposition categories, a questionnaire with a Lickert scale was used which was filled out by the students. The application of the inquiry method in the science course further enhances critical thinking skills in the cognitive category compared to critical thinking skills in general and special affective disposition categories of fifth-grade students in four Kanisius Elementary Schools in Yogyakarta. There is a difference in the proportion of the increase in the score of six elements of critical thinking in the cognitive category in class V students in four Kanisius Elementary Schools in Yogyakarta. The increase in the six elements can be sorted from the highest to the lowest increase, namely interpretation, analysis, self-regulation, inference, evaluation, and explanation.</p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini menerapkan metode inkuiri terbimbing yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kategori kognitif, kategori disposisi afektif umum dan khusus serta untuk mengetahui perbedaan proporsi skor enam unsur berpikir kritis kategori kognitif siswa kelas V di empat SD Kanisius Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kategori kognitif diketahui dari hasil nilai Pretest dan posttest yang disusun berdasarkan test essay suatu kasus. Sedangkan untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis kategori disposisi afektif umum dan khusus digunakan kuesioner dengan skala Lickert yang diisi oleh para siswa. Penerapan metode inkuiri pada matapelajaran IPA lebih meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kategori kognitif dibanding kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kategori disposisi afektif umum dan khusus dari para siswa kelas V di empat SD Kanisius Yogyakarta. Ada perbedaan proporsi kenaikan skor enam unsur berpikir kritis kategori kognitif pada siswa kelas V di empat SD Kanisius Yogyakarta. Kenaikan yang terjadi pada enam unsur tersebut dapat diurutkan dari yang paling tinggi kenaikannya sampai yang paling rendah, yaitu interpretasi, analisis, regulasi diri, inferensi, evaluasi, dan eksplanasi.</p>

The research aims to investigate influences of annealing on the electrical properties of Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3. Ba0,5Sr0,5TiO3 material which was annealed at 900°C for 1, 2 and 4 hours has better mechanical properties. It needs investigation for its electrical contribution, namely the correlation between grain and grain boundaries to values of resistance and capacitance. The changing of electrical properties was controlled by grain, grain boundary and the area between the sample and contact. The electrical properties of Ba 0,5 Sr 0,5 TiO 3 were investigated by impedance spectroscopy in the room temperature. This method is able to separate the electrical and dielectric properties of the grain, grain boundary and the area between contact with the sample. ZsimpWin software was used to find out the equivalent electrical circuit, the resistance and capacitance value. It was observed that with the increase in annealing time the small grains resistance, the grain boundaries resistance, and the large grain capacitance value also increases. The resistance values of small grains and large grains were smaller than the grain boundaries resistance. The value of capacitance-resistance of the small grains and large grains were obtained values that tend to be smaller.

The role of interstitial atomic doping on transport properties of graphene was systematically studied using first-principles density functional theory (DFT). The study revealed that interstitial Au doping results in a p-type transfer of holes to graphene as the dopant concentration increases to 25%, with the Dirac point shifting to the Fermi level and localised states of atomic dopants appearing at the Fermi level and at energy of −1 eV. Ca, Ag and Al interstitial doping induces an n-type transfer of electrons to graphene with the Dirac point moving away from the Fermi level and localised states appearing at the Fermi level and at energy levels of ∼2 eV for Ca, around −3.5 eV for Ag, −3.5 eV and ∼1.6 eV for Al. As the dopant concentration increases further to 50%, the number of holes (or electrons) decreases for all dopants, except for Ca, as the localised state at the Fermi level disappears, and the Dirac point returns towards the Fermi level. Our research provides insights into how to reconcile the localised state and the number of charge carriers that play a significant role in the transport properties of interstitial doped graphene.