No abstract

No abstract

Gender inequality is vulnerable in poor communities, including coastal areas. Women should not experience discrimination, domination, and exploitation in their jobs and making decisions. This study aims to determine gender equality in women salt farmers in Brebes Regency. This empirical research conceptualized law as behavior, using primary and secondary data, and analyzed using an interactive model. The results of this study indicate that women have a significant role in making boiled salt to contribute to supporting the family economy. In addition, women are also empowered in terms of access to resources. However, women have not been empowered regarding participation and control in decision-making. Participation has not been fulfilled because women have been involved in decision-making but are still subordinate. This causes women not to have control over decision-making because their husbands dominate them. To solve the problem, it is recommended that the Brebes Regency government take steps and policies that are gender-responsive for women salt farmers.

The research objective was to analyze the problem of fisherwomen empowerment and gender equality based on legal reviews in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal studies. The results of the study found that there are discriminatory implications in Law Number 7 of 2016 concerning the Protection and Empowerment of Fishermen, Fish Farmers, and Salt Farmers or commonly referred to as the PEF Act (Protection and Empowerment of Fishermen) which is not in line with the empowerment of fisherwomen and is in conflict with gender equality. The findings make it clear that fisherwomen, unlike other economic actors in the fishing industry, are the most overlooked group rooted in socio-cultural prejudice. The PEF Act does not specifically recognize or even mandate any form of affirmative action for fisherwomen to gain equal access to protection and empowerment programs. This causes fisherwomen who have been culturally forcibly placed in households and away from the fishing industry. But instead, the PEF Act dwarfed the position of women as a mere secondary role in fishery households instead of the main breadwinner. Therefore, this study suggests that the government should make a strict amendment to the PEF Act. Namely recognizing gender equality in the role of fisherwomen and followed by reforming gender mainstreaming in the fisheries bureaucracy to accommodate fisherwomen's rights to access community empowerment programs for fishing communities.

The Indonesia government has enacted the Village Act (Law No. 6/2014) which allows villages to establish a simple democratic government which consists of an executive (village leader) and a legislative body named Village Representative Council (VRC). As the legislative politics have been progressing forward to gender equality through affirmative action so does the village. This article explores the development of affirmative action at the villages of Semarang Regency whereby the regent government has enacted an affirmative action mechanism to ensure women representation in the VRC for at least one woman per village. Moreover, it is supposed that such policy can improve their political capabilities and public supports, thus the task of this article to find out. Therefore, we used a qualitative approach to examine the policy's implementation in the villages of Semarang Regency. Our preliminary findings explain that the policy mandates the village government to facilitate and encourage women villagers to be active in politics, especially decision-making, through three key strategies, self-participation, self-representation, and community building. Self-participation means that women shall be organized as a political group. Selfrepresentation means that the representative of women's interests shall come from, be nominated, and voted by, women villagers only.