Doxorubicin, which is widely used to treat a broad spectrum of malignancies, has pronounced dose-dependent side effects leading to chronic heart failure development. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is one of the promising candidates for leveling the cardiotoxic effect. In the present work, we performed a comparative study of the cardioprotective and therapeutic actions of various intravenous NR administration modes in chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in Wistar rats. The study used 60 mature male SPF Wistar rats. The animals were randomized into four groups (a control group and three experimental groups) which determined the doxorubicin (intraperitoneally) and NR (intravenous) doses as well as the specific modes of NR administration (combined, preventive). We demonstrated the protective effect of NR on the cardiovascular system both with combined and preventive intravenous drug administration, which was reflected in a fibrous tissue formation decrease, reduced fractional-shortening decrease, and better antioxidant system performance. At the same time, it is important to note that the preventive administration of NR had a more significant protective effect on the animal organism as a whole. This was confirmed by better physical activity parameters and vascular bed conditions. Thus, the data obtained during the study can be used for further investigation into chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy prevention and treatment approaches.

Background: The relevance of the work lies in the search for new hemocontact drugs with hemocompatibility and a pronounced activation effect on the cellular and humoral blood systems for their possible use in clinical practice during low-volume hemoperfusion.The aim of this work was to assess the activation capabilities of three granular hemosorbents by the rate of adhesion of blood cellular elements to the surface of granules in vitro.Materials and methods. When using the method of low-volume hemoperfusion (LVH) in the clinic it is important to take into account the activation properties of solid-phase granular drugs. Blood-contact interaction was carried out in bench conditions with the use of donated blood in rotary mode. Blood samples were taken before the experiment and after 5, 20, 40 and 60 minutes. Changes in blood cell and subcellular populations were evaluated using the Sysmex XT 1800i hematological analyzer (26 parameters), which made it possible to indirectly judge the activation of blood cells. 30 experiments were conducted. To analyze the activation functions of the hemocontact preparations the speed-time adhesive profile of blood cells on the sorbent was used.Results. The effect of using the preparations Silochrome S-120 and SPS in comparison with SСT-6A HP as contact hemoactivators can be more pronounced, since the activation potential of these sorbents for blood cells is much higher. Silochrome S-120 has the highest activation capabilities compared to SPS and SKT-6A HP.Conclusion. Adhesion rate indicators can be indicators of the activation of blood cells upon contact with foreign surfaces and serve as a criterion for assessing the activation capabilities of these surfaces when using the LVH method in the clinic.

Background. The use of nanotechnology achievements in medicine opens up prospects for the development and improvement of means and methods of prevention and treatment of diseases of various origins. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a product of modern nanotechnologies, and in addition to their unique physical and chemical properties, they are promising for practical applications in medicine. CNTs are one of the most popular (comparable only with silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles) objects of nanotoxicological research. Data on the effect of CNTs on blood cells are contradictory, so additional studies are necessary. Objective. To assess the activation capabilities of immobilized carbon nanotubes by the rate of adhesion of blood cell elements to their surface in vitro. Design and methods. Hemocontact interaction was carried out in bench conditions using donor blood in rotational mode. Blood samples were taken before the start of the experiment and after 5, 20, 40 and 60 min. Changes in the indicators of cell blood populations using the hematology analyzer SySmex XT 1800i (26 parameters). 50 experiments were conducted. To analyze the activation functions, a speed-time adhesive profile was used. Results. The highest rates of activation of cellular elements of the blood were recorded in contact with multi-walled carbon nanotubes SiloMUNT. Conclusion. The results of the study can be further implemented in the procedure of low-volume hemoperfusion in clinical practice.