Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease. Their greatest importance lies in the economic impact. In order to know the current status of this parasite in the province, we decided to carry out the Epidemiology. We used history-necropsy technique for the diagnosis of this parasitosis in infected bovine animals. When we were suspecting to fascioliasis we did a proper history of the area where the animals were sick. A retrospective study was carried out based on the existent registrations of Fascioliasis discoveries in the bovine slaughterhouse of Ilam province during 3 years successively. In the year of (07-08), 8.48% of the sacrificed animals were infested. The year of (08-09) 6.03% and the third years (09-10) 11.09%. In the (2007-2010) we found a high prevalence of Fascioliasis in animals slaughtered in the province, rising more than one third of the total, with significant differences in proportions (P<0.01) among the three years. The findings were also subcapsular hematomas, venous congestion and fibrous peritonitis. The economic losses were considerable.

No abstract

The prophylactic use of drugs, chemicals and biological substances are necessary to meet the sanitation standards used to maintain high levels of health status. The aim of this article was to present the basic data of the active substance of enrofloxacin, the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and also the pharmacological safety of this drug. Enrofloxacin as a molecule belongs to the quinolone antimicrobial family, and it is a wide spectrum antibiotic that inhibits DNA gyrase activity in bacterial cells with bactericidal effect. It is at the center of growing attention because of its potential efficacy for the treatment of diseases. This drug is a fluorinated quinolone carboxylic acid derivative, traded as baytril, which has been widely used in veterinary medicine because of its broad spectrum activity. Enrofloxacin has extensively been tested for its safety and it was proven that this medication is rarely toxic in both intravenous and oral routes. Significant side effects occurred only in laboratory animals having a 10 times higher than the recommended dose. The active substance is not teratogenic or mutagenic and in most scientific findings, there is no evidence of a potential risk to applicators and consumers. As a conclusion, it can be used in different administration routes in farm animals against a wide range of microorganism. Also, enrofloxacin is not safe to be use in poultry as Campylobacter infections have increased significantly since the use of enrofloxacin in poultry because of the resistance of such organism to fluoroquinolone groups.