This study aims to analyze the semantic comments made by a dyad of newly literate students (6 to 8 years), during writing processes in real time. Affiliated to the field of studies proposed by the Textual Genetics, from an enunciative approach, we treat as a unit of analysis the Dialogical Text (DT) established in face-to-face interaction, respecting their multimodal dimension (gestures, expressions, body movements) and spontaneous speech and co-enunciation of the students in pairs. The DT constitutes the recognition by one of the speakers of Textual Objects (TO) and comments related to these objects. The relationship between the TO and recognized semantic comments is defined as a type of Commented Oral Erasure (COE). Our analysis was based on a data set composed by the filmic record of 16 writing process stories invented by the same dyad of students. We discussed the occurrence of this type of COE in 3 writing processes. Our results indicate that the semantic comments directed to OT aimed at the establishment of textual unit, indicating how the students were thinking about this problem for the manuscript in progress. The relationship between the TO and uttered semantic comments mapped the genesis and the textual creation process. Moreover, the semantic COE show the students' linguistic and textual knowledge that are not possible to identify in the finished manuscript.■
This article discusses the relationship between dialogism and memory, considering the act of the writing process as the object of investigation. Characterized as a study of an ethnolinguistic nature, we propose a link between the notions of "semantic memory" and "object memory". The proposed link uses Textual Genetics and Enunciation Linguistics as reference, espousing the hypothesis that the writer's dialogic and intersubjective condition generates the activated content during the begetting and formulation of an idea. To this end, we analyze the initial minutes of the process of writing a fictional story, performed (and filmed) in an elementary school context, in which the participants are two newly literate students (6-year-olds). The recollection of this dynamic reveals not only how the title was conceived and the importance of the context of literacy, but also and especially the role of fortuity and unpredictability for an understanding of how it works. KEYWORDS: Dialogism, Memory; Writing process; Enunciation; Classroom
RESUMO
RESUMO A aprendizagem da ortográfica constitui um processo complexo, envolvendo questões lexicais e gramaticais. Muitos estudos sobre essa aprendizagem tratam os problemas ortográficos de modo independente e separado da produção textual. Neste estudo defendemos a importância de se analisar a aprendizagem da ortografia a partir da perspectiva proposta pela Genética Textual, colocando em destaque a gênese do processo de escritura e criação textual. Apresentamos o Sistema Ramos, metodologia de investigação que registra o processo de escritura em tempo e espaço real da sala de aula. Esse Sistema oferece informações multimodais (fala, escrita, gestualidade) sobre o que alunos, em duplas, reconhecem como problemas ortográficos (PO) e os comentários espontâneos feitos quando estão escrevendo o texto. Este estudo analisa justamente o momento em que aconteceram esses reconhecimentos e os comentários de duas alunas no 2º ano de escolaridade, durante a produção de seis histórias inventadas. Mais do que uma análise quantitativa dos tipos de PO identificados no produto, apresentamos uma análise enunciativa e microgenética de reconhecimentos de PO e seus comentários, particularmente aqueles PO antecipados pelas escreventes. Os resultados indicam: i. Reconhecimentos ensejam comentários nem sempre relacionados ao PO identificado; ii. Reconhecimentos e comentários estão relacionados aos conteúdos ortográficos ensinados em sala de aula; iii. Alguns PO reconhecidos envolvem a articulação de diferentes níveis linguísticos. Esses aspectos podem contribuir para a compreensão da aprendizagem da ortografia em situações didáticas propiciadas pela escrita colaborativa a dois.
Cette recherche vise à établir les relations entre l'écolier et le texte qu'il produit. Elle repose sur quelques questions précises : 1-Comment se constitue le processus de création des "histoires inventées" chez les écoliers de première année d'école primaire? 2-Pourquoi un écolier "décide-t-il" d'utiliser un mot plutôt qu'un autre? 3-Pourquoi rature-t-il les textes, en ajoutant, substituant, déplaçant ou annulant ce qui est écrit? Pour pouvoir répondre à ces questions, au lieu de prendre le texte final comme objet d'étude, j'ai choisi de fonder mes investigations sur le processus d'écriture en acte, c'est-à-dire que je porte toute mon attention sur des moments précis d'écriture. Pour tenter d'accéder au mode de pensée des écoliers au moment même où ils écrivent, j'ai élaboré un processus méthodologique spécifique. Avec la collaboration de l'école où les données ont été collectées, j'ai tourné un film sur les situations de production de textes au cours desquelles des écolières, de première année d'école élémentaire, combinent une "histoire inventée". J'ai choisi d'analyser ici les "ratures orales 1 " qui sur
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