The authors studied the role of 70-Kd heat shock protein (HSP70) in the progression of breast cancer by examining the correlation between the expression of HSP70 and epidermal growth factor receptor, c-erbB-2, p53, and estrogen receptor in 124 cases of invasive primary human breast cancers. Positivity of an anti-HSP70 monoclonal antibody, C92, was closely associated with the elevation of estrogen receptor (P < .008), whereas it inversely correlated with the expression of p53 (P < .01). In addition, the expression of HSP70 correlated inversely with the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, although the correlation was not statistically significant (P = .06). These results suggest that the expression of HSP70 plays a role in the progression of human breast cancer.

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The authors immunohistochemically studied the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), 27-kD heat shock protein (HSP27) and pS2 in 118 invasive primary human breast cancers. Positive nuclear staining of the ER was detected in 64% of the cases and was closely correlated wtih the biochemical assay (p < 0.0001). ER-positive tumors were significantly decreased with tumor size and stage (p < 0.001 each), but not with lymph node status. Positiv-ity of the ER was correlated with the cytoplasmic expression of HSP27 (p < 0.005), pS2 (not significant) and HSP70 (not significant). ER negativity was significantly correlated with the expression of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-erbB-2 (p < 0.05 each). Thus, it was concluded that ER-positive breast carcinomas, relatively small in size, preferentially expressed HSP27, HSP70 and pS2 and that ER-negative tumors, relatively large in size, were predisposed to express p53, EGFR and c-erbB-2.

A rare case of extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in a 47‐year‐old woman is reported. The tumor was located in the soft tissue of left upper arm without any involvement of the humerus. The outer portion of the tumor was histologically composed of primitive mesenchymal cells, and the inner portion showed zones of cartilaginous differentiation. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells in the primitive areas had a relatively small number of mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and free polysomes, and the matrix of the tumor consisted of dense bundles of collagen fibrils. The cartilaginous cells seen in the central portion of tumor were embedded in the matrix of abundant collagen fibrils and matrix granules. They had polysomes, well‐developed Golgi complexes, and ample rough endoplasmic reticulum frequently with dilatation. Clear zones adjacent to the cells were seen in the extracellular matrix. With a review of the literature, the histogenesis of this particular tumor is discussed. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 34: 1355–1363, 1984.

Resistance to freezing can be considered in connective tissue, blood vessels, and also epithelium and mature lymphocytes, but the tonsils are highly receptive to freezing, and thus during the 2 min two-cycle freezing the tonsils were able to be removed sufficiently. In addition, the edema in the peripheral tissue reached its peak in 12 to 24 hrs, and during this period it can be thought that dyspnoe could easily be induced. Histologically as well, necrosis was apparent after 12 hrs, with the peak coming during the first 3 days, and it was difficult to discern necrotic areas after 7 days. Revitalization of the epithelium, thrombosis, and fibrosis were also apparent as the 7th day. At the same time, dilated and regenerated capillary vellels were apparent. On the 14th day, collagen fibrosis of the deep layer tissue was found, and as of the 24-day collagen fibrosis up to the level of the epithelium was observed.