One of the materials used in the building process is sand particle. Sand with uniform size is generally obtained from manual sifting processes that require a lot of human power and long sieving time, so a sand sieving machine is needed to minimize the use of human power and sieving time. The design is focused on sifting sand manually into sieving using a machine. The design of the machine uses design software to create a picture of the arrangement and working drawings of the components of the sand sieving machine. Based on the results of the trials that have been carried out, the machine can sift 5 kg of sand for 1.02 minutes and for 10 kg of sand can be sifted for 1.30 minutes.
Minimum surface roughness results are a desirable objective in the CNC NLX 2500 Y process, a precise adjustment of CNC NLX 2500 Y process parameters should be obtained in order to obtain minimal roughness of the workpiece surface. The research has been conducted to determine the contribution ofCNC NLX Y 2500 process parameters to reduce the variation of the work surface roughness response simultaneously. And the determination of the exact setting of CNC NLX Y 2500 process parameters in order to obtain minimal roughness of the workpiece surfaces. parameters of machining process are variedspindle rotation, cutting speed, the dept of cut. The experimental design is based on the Taguchi method and is an orthogonal matrix L8 (2³). The optimization method used is Taguchi. The experiment was conducted randomly with replication 2 times to overcome the disturbance factor that occurred during machining process. The results showed that to reduce the variation of the response simultaneously, the the dept of cut has the largest contribution, that is 82.6%, the spindle speed has a contribution percentage of 61.9%, the cut rate has a contribution percentage of 9.2%. To obtain a surface roughness of the workpiece is minimal, the spindle rotation is set at 2866 rpm, the cutting speed is set to 0.40 mm / rotation, the dept of cut is set to 1 mm.
Ampiang or crackers ampiang is typical of Bangka original food made from tapioca, fish, pure water, salt and food flavorings. In the process of making ampiang, there is an obstacle, that is in the process of mixing spices, fish and flour. Mixing or stirring the dough by hand by rotating the dough until the dough is ready to be used takes a long time. To overcome the above problems researchers made kneading ampiang horizontal type with a capacity of 10 kg. The purpose of the research is to get the dough mixing uniformity percentage of 100% and 100% increased production time. The stages of the research are the of collecting data through surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and literature. The next step is data process, manufacture and selection of alternative concept, tool making and assembling, testing and analysis. In making the selection of alternative concepts and decided machine made with size 99 x 66 x 90 cm, using the motor 1PK and design mixer horizontal type. The results show the machine is capable to knead the 10 Kg dough of ampiang in 3 minutes and dough mixing uniformity percentage of 100%.
Berdasarkan nilai kekasaran permukaan yang minimal merupakan proses kerja mesin yang ingin dicapai pada proses mesin CNC Turning merk Mori Seiki tipe SL-25 B/500, perlu dilakukan pengaturan variabel-variabel proses CNC Turning merk Mori Seiki tipe SL-25 B/500 yang tepat agar diperoleh respon kekasaran permukaan benda kerja yang minimal. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan bertujuan untuk menentukan kontribusi dari variabel-variabel proses CNC Turning merk Mori Seiki tipe SL-25 B/500 untuk mengurangi variasi dari respon kekasaran permukaan benda kerja secara serentak. Selain itu, pengaturan yang tepat dari variabel proses pembubutan CNC SL-25 B/500 Mori Seiki ditentukan untuk mendapatkan kekasaran permukaan terkecil. Variabel proses pemesinan divariasikan yaitu kecepatan spindel, kecepatan pemakanan dan tebal pemakanan. Rancangan percobaan ditentukan berdasarkan metode Taguchi dan berbentuk matriks ortogonal L9 (33). Percobaan dilakukan secara acak dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali untuk mengatasi faktor interferensi yang muncul pada saat pengolahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, untuk mengurangi perubahan respon pada saat yang sama, laju pemakanan memiliki tingkat kontribusi terbesar sebesar 85,93%, tingkat kontribusi putaran spindel 3,35%, dan tingkat kontribusi tebal pemakanan 0,129%. Untuk mendapatkan kekasaran permukaan minimum benda kerja, kecepatan spindel diatur ke 2360 rpm, kecepatan umpan diatur ke 0,25 mm/put, dan ketebalan umpan 0,425 mm. Untuk mendapatkan kekasaran permukaan terbaik, gunakan pengaturan parameter yaitu kecepatan spindel 2360, kecepatan umpan 0,25, dan ketebalan 0,425.
Proses heat treatmen dilakukan untuk merubah sifat mekanik suatu logam, Perubahan yang diharapkan akan menghasilkan sifat mekanik baru yang lebih baik sehingga bisa diaplikasikan pada suatu sistem mekanik. Salah satu manfaat yang bisa diperoleh adalah meningkatnya nilai kekerasan yang dibutuhkan. Proses pengerasan yang dilakukan pada material baja karbon sedang S45C yang mengandung karbon sebesar 0,45 %. Proses pemanasan dilakukan dengan menggunakan oven listrik. Proses pemanasan dimulai dengan memanaskan baja pada beberapa level temperatur yang berbeda kemudian diikuti dengan proses quenching dengan beberapa media pendingin yang berbeda. Setelah dilakukan proses quenching selanjutnya baja distemper pada temperature 500oC dan diukur nilai kekerasan dengan menggunakan hardness tester, pengukuran dalam skala HRA. Dari beberapa parameter perlakuan panas yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai optimal pada temperatur pemanasan 8500C dengan media pendingin air garam. Nilai kekerasan material yang diperoleh adalah 68 HRA. Selain terjadi peningkatan nilai kekerasan baja terjadi juga perubahan struktur mikro, perubahan mikrostruktur yang terjadi adalah semakin tinggi nilai kekerasan baja maka jumlah perlit semakin banyak.
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