Among the main problems faced in the context of electric mobility today, the management and monitoring of electric vehicle charging stations, the integration between the diverse types of technologies that make up its architecture, and its low scalability stand out. Therefore, we will present the implementation and complete integration of an electric vehicle charging system in an electric mobility pilot project being executed in the Amazon region in Brazil. Therefore, a literature review of related works will be presented, and its entire implementation will be addressed, from the charging infrastructure, through its back-end system and its Internet of things platform, to its front-end web system for monitoring charging stations. In addition, a complete prototype is created with a real testbed to verify the scalability of the implemented physical system. Based on the testbed evaluations performed, we observe that the implemented system performs well in receiving and sending data from up to 160 electric vehicle charging stations, achieving an average consumption of 26% for CPU and 95% for memory. In addition, it is important to mention that the deployed system supports horizontal scalability, enabling the connection of more charging stations and making it ideal for other integrated systems similar to ours. Based upon the main results obtained with the implemented system, the possibility of carrying out the management and monitoring of charging stations stands out; the integration of different technologies, from the back end and IoT middleware to its front end; a system that supports scalability, enabling the connection of more charging stations; and a reference architecture for charging station management and monitoring systems for the Amazon region.
A automação e supervisão de sistemas tem sido crescente, propiciando o aumento da comodidade e confiabilidade, bem como o reduzido gasto de processos. Vinculado a aplicativos web com interface amigável, os sistemas automatizados proporcionam a eficientização de sistemas elétricos de edificações com extrema praticidade. Após o desenvolvimento de um sistema de automação de baixo custo, este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação web capaz de gerenciar um sistema automatizado de iluminação elétrica a partir de diferentes dispositivos com acesso à internet. Como estudo de caso, o trabalho apresenta o impacto da automação associado ao aplicativo web no consumo e custo de energia elétrica de um edifício de uma instituição de ensino público.
A técnica de virtualização baseadas em contêineres vem sendo amplamente utilizada através da adoção de tecnologias como Docker e Kubernetes que permitem a criação e o gerenciamento de contêineres. Assim, o presente artigo utilizou o Prometheus e o Grafana para analisar a performance de um cluster Kubernetes executando a plataforma Dojot e recebendo dados de um simulador. Foi possível observar que o uso dos recursos de CPU e memória RAM são maiores nas máquinas Workers do cluster, onde quanto mais serviços da Dojot a máquina executa maior o consumo dos recursos. Concluiu-se que a utilização do Kubernetes juntamente com os seus recursos de gerenciamento e monitoramento são recomendáveis para aplicações que precisam se escaláveis.
One of the factors that drove the development of several technologies is the constant search of humanity for comfort and convenience. This is directly related to the development of residential automation. However, due to the complexity and high costs these systems are only privileges of some individuals. In view of this, this work presents a comparative analysis between three projects for the automation of the lighting system of a residence. Two of the automation systems were developed by the authors themselves for a low cost deployment using microcontrollers (Arduino and ESP32) through different wireless communication channels (Wi-Fi and Bluetooth), the third system is a device that already exists in the market. These automation systems were implemented in a popular residence model and compared to each other in terms of power consumption, implementation cost, and design efficiency. The three systems were analyzed with two different types of lamps for more consistent results. Where one of the objectives of this work is shows that it is possible to incorporate parameters of low cost residential automation in popular houses.
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