Children with acute pyelonephritis develop polyuria and have reduced maximum urinary concentration capacity. We studied whether these abnormalities are associated with altered urinary excretion of the water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in the renal collecting duct. AQP2 is the main target for antidiuretic action of arginine vasopressin (AVP), and the urinary excretion of this protein is believed to be an index of AVP signaling activity in the kidney. Children with acute pyelonephritis, aged 5-14 years, were examined for urinary flow rate, creatinine clearance, unchallenged urine osmolality, and urinary ion excretion. Urinary excretion of AQP2 was measured by dot immunoblotting technique. Studies were performed in the acute phase of pyelonephritis, in the same children after treatment, and in control patients. At the onset of pyelonephritis, urinary flow rate and solute excretion were increased, but the urinary osmolality was unchanged. The urinary level and urinary excretion of AQP2 was increased in acute pyelonephritis and decreased after treatment. Excretion of aquaporin-3 was unchanged, suggesting that the increase in AQP2 urinary excretion was not due to a shedding of collecting duct cells. The results suggest that a mechanism proximal to the collecting duct may be responsible for the polyuria observed in children with acute pyelonephritis. Increased urinary AQP2 levels suggest that a compensatory activation of apical plasma membrane targeting of AQP2 may occur in pyelonephritis.

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods have evolved for various types of applications. In the past, even small variations to existing methods have led to the creation of new avenues for research. Thus, in this study, we review the MCDM methods in investment management and examine the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in a risk environment. In addition, we study the effectiveness of investment projects using these methods. The analysis of MCDM methods performed in this study provides a guide for the use of these methods, especially the ones based on interval data, in investment project analysis. Furthermore, we propose a combination of multi-criterial selection and interval preferences to evaluate investment projects. Our method improves on the method of calculating economic efficiency based on a one-dimensional criterion and sensitivity analysis, though our proposal involves complicated calculations.

The article is devoted to the study of interrelations of the attitude to time, proactive copying behavior and burnout syndrome among teachers of the higher school. Today, the system of the higher education in Russia is at the stage of intensive development and reformation. Professional activity of the higher school teachers belongs to the most psychologically tensed kinds of social activity, and is among occupations with the highest risk of the burnout syndrome. The results of this research have shown that professional burnout among teachers was expressed in a moderate degree. Their copying strategy of "avoidance" is associated with a negative attitude to the past. Proactive copying behavior and low level of burnout are connected with the positive assessment of the present and future time.

519.85The studies on multicriteria combinatorial optimization are continued. A possible approach to solving multicriterion problems is developed and substantiated. An algorithm is developed and implemented. Some peculiarities of efficient solutions to multicriterion problems are described.

The primary trend of the ongoing digital transformation is the rapid socialization of the Internet. The crucial role in those processes is assigned to social networks. Integrating companies representing goods and services into social networks makes implementing a marketing strategy in a virtual environment urgent. Our literature review looked at the goals of a brand's social media presence and the expected benefits of that presence. Using a correlation-regression analysis, we have established the relationship between the media image of several global companies on social networks and the sales dynamics, value, and awareness of their brand. The hypotheses put forward were partially confirmed. However, the results showed no strong relationship between brand activity and brand audience in a social network and brand value and awareness. On the other hand, there wass a noticeable relationship between the size of the audience in a social network and the dynamics of the brand's revenue. Still, this influence turned out to be the opposite. Thus, the media image of a brand signifies the emergence of a kind of "digital effect" accompanied by concomitant phenomena of the relationship between the parameters of the audience size, revenue, value, and brand awareness. This constitutes the prospect of further research to clarify stable patterns.