We examined the structure of psychoemotional sphere of 153 pregnant patients in different terms of pregnancy and 48 non-pregnant women. Our data demonstrated that first-term pregnancy is accompanied by a significant emotional stress. In second-term pregnancy those changes are more positive, at third-term pregnancy the level of the patients feels is significantly increased and the psychoemotional sphere is stabilized. Thereby the specific features of nervous system are influence the status of the pregnant women. Evidently pregnant patients with the high level of anxiety, introversion, psychotic and nevrotic characteristics are in need of the increased attention of the obstetric-gynecologic specialists, anaesthesiologists and psychologists to make correction of the psychoemotional sphere when preventive preparation of birth and the choice of anesthesia delivery.
1 ФГБНУ «НИИ аГир им. д. О. Отта», санкт-Петербург; 2 санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. академика И. П. Павлова ■ Целью исследования было изучение особенностей течения беременности при бронхиальной астме (БА) и влиянии иммунологических депозитов на плацентарный барьер. Результаты данного исследования свидетельствуют о том, что основными осложнениями беременности у женщин с бронхиальной астмой является угроза прерывания беременности, гестоз и плацентарная недостаточность. Профилактика, своевременное выявление этих осложнений, совместное ведение пациенток акушером и пульмонологом позволяют женщинам практически во всех случаях родить доношенных здоровых детей. Наибольшее число иммунных депозитов, фиксированных в плаценте и повреждающих структуры плацентарного барьера (эндотелий сосудов и мембраны синцитиотрофобласта), обнаруживается у женщин со средним и тяжелым течением БА. Их отложение сопровождается морфологическими признаками иммунного воспаления, нарушением иммунного гомеостаза в структурах плацентарного барьера. Наличие патогенных иммунных комплексов в плаценте, а также обнаружение антиген-презентирующих клеток в местах иммунного воспаления у женщин с БА приводит к развитию иммунопатологического процесса и плацентарной недостаточности, что неблагоприятно сказывается на течении беременности, родов и может быть прогностическим фактором развития аллергических заболеваний у ребенка. ■ Ключевые слова: бронхиальная астма; беременность; патогенные иммунные комплексы; плацентарный барьер; иммунное воспаление.
The aim of the research was to investigate the pathomorphological changes in placentas of women with recurrent pregnancy losses under action of different injuring stimulus (infection, hormonal, biochemical reactions on membrans of syncytiotrophoblast and endothelium of placental vessels, actions of antiphospholipid antibodies). Identical changes was detected which connected with immune complexes (IC) formation. IC with different composition generate immunopathological processes in placental tissues. Present of antiphospholipid antibodies on placental membranes enhancing immunopathological processes, leading to dystrophic and necrotic lesions in surrounding tissues and to placental insufficiency. The outcome of this lesions is incompetent pregnancy.
Therefore IC may be the marker of placental injury and insufficiency as well as a biologic indicator of failure in reproductive system.
The treatment of threatened abortion is improve pregnancy outcomes and immunomorphological evidence.
Purpose of the study. The study of the peculiarities and outcomes of pregnancy and neonatal status in patients with bronchial asthma (BA).
Materials and methods. Studied the course of pregnancy and delivery 1800 women suffering from BA. Patients were conducted and surveyed throughout the period of gestation simultaneously with pulmonologist and obstetrician; thus it was formed a complex of treatment and preventive measures, made recommendations for the primary prevention of allergic diseases of unborn child.
Results. The increase in pregnancy complications in patients with asthma is directly related to the lack of control of the disease, especially in the first trimester of gestation. The lack of ade quate treatment of asthma increases the risk of different pregnancy complications, which has a direct effect on the health status of newborns.
Conclusion. Even severe asthma, is not a contraindication to pregnancy. The main condition for the safety pregnancy and delivery is the timely appointment of a set of preventive and therapeutic measures for control of the disease that not only improve the quality of life of women during gestation, but also improve health status of newborns.
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