The present paper systematizes the results of the research on the effect of wheatgrass juice administration on some important indicators in assessing the physiological state of two summer-old Cyprinus carpio individuals coming from a recirculating system, as well as on some biochemical parameters with role in the antioxidant defensive. For this, an experiment was carried out over a period of 56 days, which consist in growth of 200 carp specimens, with an initial average weight of 72.85�1.79 g/specimen. Observations carried out during the entire monitoring period of the experimental variants emphasized a good sanitary status of the studied specimens, accompanied by an active feeding behavior. The results on the activity of oxidative stress enzymes and malon-dialdehyde concentration emphasized significant differences between the treated variants with wheatgrass juice and the control variant, closely related to the wheat juice concentration with which the food ration was supplemented.
Heavy metals are destructive environmental stressors that greatly reduce plant growth and productivity. Here, the content of some heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) and mineral nutrients (Ca, Mg and K) in silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood from two sites in the Tarni�a mining area (North-Est Romania) was analyzed. The first site (no. 1) is located near a big tailings dump, whereas the other one (no. 2) is situated 6 km South, in a less polluted area. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the present-date levels of such elements in the investigated biological materials and to compare them. Measurements of heavy metal content in wood were performed with an AAS flame spectrometer, whereas an ICP-OES spectrometer was used for soil and tailings dump samples. The Mn content was higher in the site no. 1 located near the dump, for both species, but the difference was statistically significant only for the European beech trees. The Zn content of samples from the site no. 1 was lower than that corresponding to the second one (no. 2) for both species, but significant for the silver fir only. However, there was not found a significant difference in respect to both iron and copper in the samples collected from the two species and two different sites. Furthermore, the content of Ca and Mg of both species was found higher for the site no. 2, suggesting a better state of nutrition of the investigated trees than of those located near the tailings dump. The content of calcium and magnesium of silver fir was negatively correlated with the diameter of the trees collected from both sites.
The non-discriminatory use of pesticides and herbicides to increase agricultural production has caused great concern, as these products are likely to reach the aquatic environment, thus representing a health problem for aquatic species, but also for humans. Cypermethrin, a pyrethroid type II insecticide, is widely used in agriculture, but also for pest control of plants and stored agricultural products, as well as for combating the biological vectors of human and animal diseases. The administration of cypermethrin to Paracheirodon innensi determined ample variations in the activity of oxidative stress enzymes and malondialdehyde concentration, in close correlation with the concentration used, but also the occurrence of some locomotor deficiency and an anxiety state.
The using of the pesticides of dinitrophenol type in agriculture has as consequence the major pollution of the environment, the plants taking these substances from the soil and once with these ones they reach in the human and animal organism where they product disequilibrium that are interpreted through the accumulation of free oxygen radicals with direct repercussions on the antioxidant enzyme�s synthesis intensification and on their activity�s increase. The apply of treatments on the barley seeds had significant effects regarding the seeds� germination, the young plants� growth, the oxidative stress enzymes� activity, but also regarding the content of photoassimilators and carotenoids pigments.
In recent years, commercial glyphosate herbicide formulations have been widely used in agriculture to control aquatic and terrestrial weeds. These pesticides may result in disruption of ecological balance, causing damage to nontarget organisms, including fish. Carassius auratus L. specimenes were exposed to glyphosate herbicide in concentration of 2.5mg/L and, respectively, 5 mg/L for 120 h, in laboratory condition. Thus, the effects of this chemical agent on both hematological parameters (hemoglobin, hematocrit, number of red blood cells) and on oxidative status indices (SOD, CAT, GPX, MDA) at Prussian carp experimental lots were analyzed. Our results showed, in comparison with the reference batch, the influence of glyphosate on the analyzed hematological and biochemical parameters, in close correlation with the administered pesticide dose.
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