Brauner & Stephens argued that around 9.5% to 14.2% of early childhood children have emotional social problems that have a negative impact on the development and readiness of their schools due to children’s habits in using gadgets. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the use of gadgets for children’s social emotional development in PGRI 2 Rangkasbitung Kindergarten. This research implemented quantitative research approach. This study uses a questionnaire or questionnaire sheet in collecting data, with a total sample of 33 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the majority of children use gadgets with a duration of> 60 minutes per day which is around 60.61%, the type of gadget used in the form of smartphones / mobile phones is 84.85%, and applications that are often used are games (66.67% ) and games played in the form of educational games (60.61%). Based on the results of the study there were 60.61% or as many as 20 children have normal / good social emotional development, this is because the majority of children in PGRI 2 Rangkasbitung kindergarten are more utilizing the sophistication of gadgets towards more positive ones such as knowing numbers, getting to know animals, colors, and to communicate while far apart. It is also related to the characteristics of respondents who stated that around 66.67% of respondents did not work which meant that respondents had more time to accompany their children in using gadgets. The result of Chi-Square correlation test between gadget duration and social emotional development obtained p-value 0.011 (p <0.05) which means that there is a significant relationship between the duration of gadget usage on children’s social emotional development in PGRI 2 Rangkasbitung Kindergarten. Based on the results of the study, it is advisable for parents to accompany their children in using gadgets as well as providing time limits, checking gadgets and choosing games and spectacle applications that can hone child development.

Civics is one of the subjects in primary schools that include or incorporate character values in their learning activities so that it is felt appropriate to be made as research material that is related to local wisdom. However, Civics learning that has been taught so far does not provide strong character to students because of the lack of innovation in learning and is too textual, so it tends to be boring for students. In addition, teachers in the class lack linking local wisdom that is happening in the community so that students are less able to solve problems such as cooperation / mutual cooperation, morals, respect for shared decisions, delinquency that occurs. The learning applied by the teacher also seems to be lacking integration, both with other subjects and the selection of models and learning strategies. One effort to overcome these problems is to develop learning media in accordance with the demands and needs of learning activities. This research is a development study whose purpose is to develop learning videos with material respecting shared decisions. The advantages of this research are shown in the video that contains or accentuates the forms of local wisdom in the Lebak Regency, Banten Province. The purpose of this study was to find out: (1) how to develop media models and character education for students in Civics; (2) the effectiveness of instructional videos as an alternative model of instructional media and the development of student character education in Civics subjects; and (3) learning outcomes and character education of students after using the product of the development of learning videos on Civics subjects. The research method used is the research and development of the Borg and Gall model. The assessment results show that (1) expert assessment of subject matter is in the very good category with a mean score of 3.85; (2) learning media expert evaluation in the excellent category with a mean score of 3.80; (3) small group trials are in the very good category with an average score of 3.83; and (4) field trials are in the very good category with an average score of 3.84. The results showed that by using a Civics quartet card, Civics learning activities could take place actively, creatively, and fun, able to improve student learning outcomes with an average value of 79.72, and proven effective can develop the values of character education of students.

The study of translation has covered the equivalence and non-equivalence of the source text and the target text. Not only the meaning but also the culture of the source text should be taken as the consideration in translation to the target language. This study revealed the non-equivalence and the strategy employed of the translation of English text Harry Potter: the order of the phoenix to Indonesian language text by applying LFalligner and Antcon software. The study employed qualitative research applying content analysis. The researcher is as the primary instrument of data collection and analysis to provide a rich description of the phenomenon. The data were words, phrases, and sentences taken from the English text and Indonesian text of Harry Potter. The data were displayed and then verified using Baker (2011). The result revealed that non-equivalence occurred at word level in names of characters, places, and magical terms and above word level in idioms and fixed expression. Loan words were used as strategy aiming at educating and contributing to readers' knowledge of other cultures and their naming and to show loyalty to the source author's original style. TL has not the equivalence for the idioms of SL, thus idioms were translated lexically. The study suggests that the use of LFalligner and Antcon eased the finding and can be applied by the beginner translator.