Ampas tahu merupakan produk sisa dari produksi tahu yang masih memiliki kandungan ?é?áprotein ?é?árelatif ?é?átinggi,?é?á?é?á ?é?ákarena ?é?ápada?é?á proses ?é?ápembuatan tahu tidak semua protein dapat terekstrak. Selama ini pemanfaatan ampas tahu masih ?é?áterbatas ?é?ásebagai?é?á pakan ?é?áternak ?é?ádan ?é?ádiolah ?é?ámenjadi ?é?átempe ?é?ágembus, padahal karena potensinya ampas tahu bisa diolah menjadi tepung untuk bahan produksi aneka makanan seperti kerupuk, cookies, stik, dan sebagainya. Keterampilan membuat olahan makanan dari ampas tahu dapat dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Mitra kegiatan ?é?áIbM ?é?áini ?é?áadalah kelompok ?é?áibu ?é?árumah ?é?átangga ?é?á(PKK) ?é?ádi ?é?áKelurahan Gunungpati, Semarang. Metode IbM yang dilakukan meliputi penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan tepung ampas tahu, praktek pembuatan makanan dari tepung ampas tahu, praktek pengemasan, dan pendampingan kegiatan. Hasil dari program IbM adalah peningkatan keterampilan mitra dalam memproduksi tepung ampas tahu dan aneka makanan olahannya yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai usaha kecil untuk sumber penghasilan tambahan. ?é?á Kata kunci : ampas tahu, tepung, aneka makanan

Produksi susu sapi yang melimpah tidak diikuti dengan permintaan yang tinggi dari  masyarakat sehingga banyak produk susu sapi yang tidak termanfaatkan. Susu sapi yang masih segar maupun yang sudah rusak memiliki kandungan kasein yang cukup tinggi. Kasein termasuk polimer alami sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan utama pada pembuatan cat emulsi. Pada pembuatan cat emulsi, faktor yang harus diperhatikan adalah kestabilan emulsi. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah pengemulsi (1 gram, 2 gram, 3 gram, dan 4 gram) yang digunakan terhadap karakteristik cat yang meliputi ukuran partikel, waktu kering, viskositas, daya rekat, dan kekerasan. Hasil uji statistik (Uji F) menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pengemulsi memiliki pengaruh terhadap karakteristik cat yang meliputi ukuran partikel, waktu kering, viskositas, daya rekat, dan kekerasan. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji statistik (Uji F) menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pengemulsi berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakteristik viskositas, ukuran partikel, waktu kering, dan tingkat kekerasan, serta jumlah pengemulsi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap karakteristik daya rekat cat. Cat emulsi berbasis kasein dan kapur tohor dengan penambahan bahan pengemulsi CMC sebanyak 4 gram memiliki kualitas yang terbaik, yaitu nilai kekerasan 4 H, daya rekat 97,5%, waktu kering 38,5 menit, ukuran partikel 8,75 mikron, dan viskositas 450 d.Pa.s.   The abundant cow's milk production is not followed by high demand from the public so that many cow's milk products are not utilized. Cow's milk that is still fresh or that has been spoiled has a fairly high casein content. Casein is a natural polymer so it can be used as the main ingredient in the manufacture of emulsion paints. The factor that must be considered in the manufacture of emulsion paint is the stability of the emulsion, thus this study aims to determine the effect of the amount of emulsifier (1 gram, 2 gram, 3 gram, and 4 gram) used on the paint characteristics which include particle size, dry time, viscosity, adhesion, and hardness. Statistical test results (Test F) showed that the amount of emulsifier has an influence on the characteristics of the paint which includes particle size, drying time, viscosity, adhesion, and hardness. The results of the study using statistical tests (Test F) showed that the amount of emulsifier had a significant effect on the characteristics of viscosity, particle size, dry time, and level of hardness, and the amount of emulsifier had a very significant effect on the characteristics of paint adhesion. Casein and quicklime based emulsion paint with the addition of 4 grams of CMC emulsifier has the best quality, namely 4 H hardness, 97.5% adhesion, 38.5 minutes dry time, 8.75 micron particle size, and 450 viscosity. d.Pa.s.

The use of CAM in Indonesia is relatively high, but this method is still considered a second-class treatment. There are still many modern medical practitioners who have not accepted this method as a method of treatment that can be accounted for. This article attempts to explain why complementary-alternative medicine continues to develop and why it needs to be widely proposed as a treatment method of choice, in addition to modern medical treatment. Conventional medical medicine or modern medicine and complementary-alternative medicine have different philosophical foundations, so imposing an assessment using biomedical methods to prove the efficacy of CAM seems less appropriate. Suppose evidence of efficacy is required for CAM to be accepted. In that case, it seems that research methods with qualitative and anthropological approaches should be chosen that provide more space for individual experiences in the use of CAM.  Keywords: Complementary and alternative medicine; modern medicine; biomedical; anthropology

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) continues to increase globally in treating various diseases. However, the potential role of CAM in modern clinical practice and health care systems appears to be limited and often even questioned. This limitation is caused by a demand to evaluate the success of CAM with a biomedical approach measure. The biomedical discipline uses scientific objectivity to explain medical phenomena through evidence-based methods, and the same method is often not applicable to CAM phenomena. This article proposes a qualitative research method with an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach that is more suitable to assess the success of CAM with a focus on the healing or life experience of participants. The use of qualitative research methods with an IPA approach provides a powerful tool for addressing doubts about the efficacy of CAM. Evidence of efficacy obtained from the healing experience of patients captured by the IPA method can be defiance of the hegemony of conventional biomedical evidence construction. The use of IPA in research on CAM therapy provides a different perspective from the quantitative approach to viewing a person’s health condition from the patient’s point of view. This different perspective will help researchers or health practitioners to provide assistance and or therapy that is more appropriate to the patient’s mental and physical condition.

Polimer Poli Asam Laktat Glikolat (PLGA) merupakan salah satu jenis polimer yang telah disetujui FDA dan EMA untuk penggunaan biomedik. Kelebihan PLGA yaitu biokompatibilitas, biodegradabilitas, fleksibilitas, dan efek samping yang minimal. PLGA telah dikembangkan untuk penggunaan medis namun pemenuhannya masih berupa impor. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini monomer asam laktat dari limbah pati aren dan asam glikolat dengan rasio LA:GA = 75%:25%; 90%:10%; 95%:5%; direaksikan secara Ring Opening Polymerization (ROP) dengan bantuan katalis Sn(II) Oktoat membentuk PLGA. PLGA hasil kemudian ditambahkan PVA, dengan rasio PLGA:PVA 3:2; 3:3; 3:4; dan 3:5 dengan metode solution casting membentuk film. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kombinasi rasio LA:GA dan rasio penambahan PVA mempengaruhi karakteristik film PLGA.  Hasil kekakuan dan Modulus Young film PLGA tertinggi pada kombinasi penambahan rasio LA:GA = 75%:25% dan penambahan rasio PLGA:PVA =3:4. Biodegrabilitas film PLGA terbaik pada kombinasi penambahan rasio LA:GA 90%:10% dan penambahan rasio PLGA:PVA 3:4. Film PLGA memiliki biokompatibilitas yang baik pada semua rasio LA:GA, dengan penambahan rasio PLGA:PVA lebih dari 3:2. Hasil film PLGA memiliki morfologi permukaan paling halus pada rasio penambahan PLGA : PVA 3:2, dan memiliki struktur semi kristalin.Lactic Glycolic Acid Polymer (PLGA) is a type of polymer that has been approved by the FDA and EMA for biomedical use. The advantages of PLGA are biocompatibility, biodegradability, flexibility, and minimal side effects. PLGA has been developed for medical use but fulfillment is still imported. Therefore, in this study, the lactic acid monomer from waste palm starch and glycolic acid with a ratio of LA: GA = 75%: 25%; 90%: 10%; 95%: 5%; reacted with Ring Opening Polymerization (ROP) with the help of a catalyst Sn (II) Octoate to form PLGA. The resulting PLGA was then added with PVA, with a ratio of PLGA: PVA 3: 2; 3: 3; 3: 4; and 3: 5 with the solution casting method forming the film. This research was conducted experimentally with a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that the combination of LA: GA ratio and PVA addition ratio affected the PLGA film characteristics. The results of stiffness and Young's Modulus of PLGA film were highest in the combination of addition of the ratio of LA: GA = 75%: 25% and the addition of the ratio of PLGA: PVA = 3: 4. The best PLGA film biodegradability was combined with the addition of the ratio of LA: GA 90%: 10% and the addition of the PLGA: PVA ratio 3: 4. PLGA film has good biocompatibility in all LA: GA ratios, with the addition of a PLGA: PVA ratio of more than 3: 2. The results of the PLGA film had the smoothest surface morphology at the ratio of addition of PLGA: PVA 3: 2, and had a semi-crystalline structure.