Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable malignancies, however, it still has high incidence and mortality rates, especially in less developed countries. For Brazil, the estimate is more than 16,000 new cases and more than 6000 deaths annually. Despite this, vaccines against HPV (responsible for cervical cancer) are effective and promote a significant decrease in infections and neoplastic lesions of the cervix.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. In the last decade, the mortality rate due to cervical cancer has increased alarmingly in the world, especially in some countries, such as Brazil. In the eyes of science, it is absurd to admit such a fact, since this is the only cancer that has a vaccine and is highly effective, in addition to being an easily diagnosed and treatable disease in its early stages. A failure in communication related to HPV and its forms of prevention is evident. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the objective was to build and evaluate an educational product (video) on the Human Papillomavirus, to demonstrate the construction of an educational product following the specifications of the CTM3 Method, as an alternative in the construction of educational products and to identify whether the video "HPV: concept and prevention" was able to positively influence students' learning about the topic addressed. Result: Thus, a clinical trial was carried out in a higher education institution in Alagoas (Brazil), with students from the first period of the medical course. In the first phase of the research, the structured video was built using the CTM3 Method, which was later validated. In the second phase, an assessment was applied on HPV, in the format of an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) for the students. The exam was reapplied by the students after viewing the structured video with the CTM3 Method on HPV. Conclusion: there was a significant improvement in learning (p < 0.0001), with an increase of 92.3% in the average grades, pointing to an alternative of apparent effectiveness and scope in the structuring of educational products in the health area and placing another instrument (HPV video) in the battle against cervical cancer.
HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is an adenovirus of the Papillomaviridae family with approximately 200 subtypes (subdivided into low and high oncogenic risk groups), responsible for almost 99% of cervical cancers. Worldwide, there are more than 570,000 new cases and more than 311,000 women die each year from cervical cancer; for Brazil, the estimate is of more than 16,000 new cases per year. It is known that cervical cancer is one of the most easily preventable forms of cancer, as there is a highly effective vaccine against HPV. However, the morbidity and mortality rates correlated with human papillomavirus are still concerning, especially in less developed countries. In 2020, the WHO (World Health Organization) presented three goals to achieve by 2030 the worldwide extermination of cervical cancer; among these goals is vaccination. Is the world preparing for this battle? The present work is an integrative review, comparing national and international guidelines for HPV vaccination published in the last five years in the consulted databases, using the descriptors "cervical cancer", "prevention" and "guideline" and the boolean operator "and", from which nine articles were selected. The study made it possible to compare international and national guidelines for vaccination against HPV, showing that developed countries implemented the HPV vaccine longer ago and follow the WHO recommendations more rigorously and effectively than underdeveloped or developing countries. Adopting a single dose as a strategy, as suggested by the WHO in April 2022, could be an important step towards increasing coverage and providing protection for a greater number of girls who do not have access to HPV immunization.
Endometriosis is a clinical and recurrent condition characterized by the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and myometrium. It is estimated that 6% to 10% of women of reproductive age, 50% to 60% of adolescents and adults with pelvic pain, and up to 50% of women with infertility are pregnant from the condition. However, this proportion tends to be even greater due to the difficulty in diagnosing it: because it presents different symptoms, lack of information from health professionals, and a high-cost diagnostic test. Another aggravating factor is the average time from the onset of symptoms to the medical diagnosis, which even today ranges from five to ten years; this delay has consequences for disease progression, as it prevents early treatment, which is important for improving pain levels and physical and psychological well-being. Aware of these mishaps, it is therefore important to assess the difficulties faced by doctors in the diagnosis of endometriosis in the public health system, in Brazil, the Unified Health System (SUS). With this purpose, a cross sectional was carried out, developed in the virtual environment using traffic in Google forms, with the difficulties quantified in the Likert scale. Participating physicians pointed out a medium difficulty for patients with endometriosis to access the consultation (58%) and moderate difficulty (52%) to perform an ultrasound examination; also signaled great difficulty in performing magnetic resonance imaging (77%) and laparotomy (61%) in these patients.
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