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It can be concluded that the educational intervention led to a significant improvement in the dietary habits of these patients and also helped them to exercise regularly, all of which has a positive impact on their health.

Hipertensión arterial en población pediátrica, sus efectos en la dispersión de la onda P y el área auricular izquierda. Resumen:Antecedentes: Entre los factores descritos para desarrollar fibrilación auricular se encuentra el mayor tamaño de la aurícula izquierda; esto lleva a cambios en sus propiedades eléctricas y a mayores valores de dispersión de la onda P del electrocardiograma.Objetivo: Determinar la dispersión de la onda P con relación al área de la aurícula izquierda en niños entre 8 a 11 años.Métodos: Se estudiaron 400 niños aparentemente sanos de ese rango de edad. Se les realizó electrocardiograma de superficie de 12 derivaciones para medir los valores de P máxima, P mínima y se calculó la dispersión de la onda P; se les midió 4 veces la presión arterial. Se realizó además, ecocardiograma para medición del área auricular izquierda.Resultados: Los valores de media de dispersión de la onda P aumentan desde normotensos a hipertensos (32.5 a 38.5 ms, respectivamente), existiendo diferencias significativas intergrupos, encontrando la mayor significación al comparar los normotensos con el grupo de prehipertensos (p=0.001). Un estudio de regresión demostró la dependencia de la dispersión de la onda P del electrocardiograma en el grupo de normotensos y prehipertensos con r=0,22 y p<0.05. Una regresión lineal para la muestra de niños hipertensos muestra una correlación positiva para la dependencia de la onda P con el área auricular izquierda.Conclusiones: Existe dependencia de la dispersión de la onda P del electrocardiograma con el área auricular izquierda, así como diferencias significativas entre valores medios de dispersión de la onda P en los subgrupos de niños normotensos, prehipertensos e hipertensos. Background: left atrial size is a recognized factor increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation. Left atrial electrical properties are modified, with a greater dispersion of the P wave on the electrocardiogram. Aim: to determine the relation between left atrial area and P wave dispersion in children. Methods: 400 healthy children from 8 to 11 years of age had a 12 lead ECG. Maximum and minimum voltages of the P wave and P wave dispersion were measured. Blood pressure was recorded in 4 separate measurements. Echocardiography was used to determine left atrial area. Results: Compared to normotensive children, mean dispersion of the P wave was higher in hypertensives (38.5 vs 32.5 ms, respectively). The most significant difference was observed between normotensives and pre-hypertensive children (regression analysis, p=0.001). Linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation of P wave dispersion and left atrial area Conclusion: P wave dispersion and left atrial area are positively correlated in groups of normal, prehypertensive and hypertensive children. The corresponding mean values of dispersion follow the same tendency. Key Words: P wave, children, arterial hypertension.Hypertension in pediatric patients: effects upon P wave dispersion and left atrial area Introducción:En los últimos años se ha descr...

This study is part of the Development Center Community Outreach project for diagnosis and management of hypertension in children (PROCDEC II) in Spain and Cuba, which began in 2000; the Cuban segment includes 5025 children aged 8-11 years from 43 urban primary schools in the municipality of Santa Clara in Villa Clara Province and involves a multidisciplinary research group of pediatricians, cardiologists, pediatric cardiologists, endocrinologists, clinical laboratory specialists, psychologists, statisticians and computer scientists. [15] A detailed clinical history was taken of all children and pertinent testing performed (two-dimensional abdominal and renal ultrasound, renal artery Doppler ultrasound, thyroid hormones, echocardiogram to rule out coarctation of the aorta, vanilmandelic acid, fundoscopic exam, creatinine, proteinuria, albuminuria and microalbuminuria) to diagnose essential and secondary hypertension. Participants were also assessed for other comorbidities (diabetes; hematologic, renal and adrenal diseases; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) and for pubertal development (Tanner stage). [16] Type of study and sample A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2009 through June 2011, using cluster sampling and randomly selecting the schools involved, with