La enseñanza se encuentra actualmente ante muchas vicisitudes que enturbian una fascinante labor, como es la docencia. Algunos de esos malos momentos se acentúan por la envergadura de los conflictos, o porque estos acontecen de manera continuada. No pocas de estas circunstancias llevan a exasperar y a impacientar a los propios enseñantes, entre los cuales y, a pesar de todo, suele prevalecer un sentido de esperanza. En cualesquiera de los momentos -ya dulces, ya agrios-y desde lo más íntimo impera el deseo de seguir adelante.No es casualidad que hayamos comenzado este artículo dedicado a la vocación de los aspirantes a maestro con esta frase, ya que, en buena medida, el sentido vocacional que subyace en la tarea docente permanece inexcusablemente unido a la esperanza y por tanto también, a las expectativas de cambio y de mejora a las que continuamente aspiran. La docencia y la enseñanza en general, son un vehículo apropiado para despertar aún más, si cabe, un sentimiento de vida y de entusiasmo que lleva al docente y a los dis-' Esta reflexión que ahora suscribo, la sugiere Larry Cuban en el prólogo del libro de David T. Hansen «llamados a enseñar» (2001,9)
The teaching profession is regarded from different perspectives, even sometimes controversial, among those who belong to its own professional body, as well as in the whole society. This rich variety brings us to analyse in our paper some outstanding factors that identify the candidates in their access to the teaching career, and after that in their teaching practice. Both moments can show examples of satisfaction and non-motivation. Thinking of such duality, we analyse factors such as vocation, motivation, salary or even the teachers' holidays, which can provoke an antinomic consideration around the education.
Resumen. En aras de la calidad, la mayoría de los países en desarrollo se someten, con cierta frecuencia, a evaluaciones de todo o parte de su sistema escolar. Sin perder de vista la realidad de cada país, de cada modelo educativo, analizamos dos indicadores que participan, en mayor o menor medida, de las reformas educativas emprendidas en diversos países miembros de la OCDE. Estos son: el salario del profesorado y la ratio alumno/profesor junto al tamaño de las clases. Ambos se incluyen, como una estrategia sugerente y a veces rentable, para aminorar los resultados desfavorables que embargan a un sistema educativo. Pero también se han utilizado como una medida de "socorro" ante los resultados adversos obtenidos en evaluaciones externas. Asimismo analizamos la relación que pueden tener estos indicadores con los resultados del Informe PISA. De manera general cabe reconocer que no existe una relación directa, aunque sí pueden influir colateralmente. Así, aquellos países que presentan datos de rendimiento excelente, por lo general, su profesorado recibe buenos sueldos aunque no todos los que tienen buenos sueldos obtienen buenos resultados. Y también comprobamos que reducir el tamaño de las clases resultará más beneficioso en determinados contextos, dado que éste no adquiere un valor absoluto. Puede influir más en las estrategias que se planteen que en los resultados finales. En general, por encima de cualquier indicador sobresale la selección y formación del profesorado. Palabras clave: Salario del docente; ratio alumno/profesor; tamaño de las clases; indicadores educativos; informes internacionales.[en] Teachers' salary and class size: Two attractive indicators to be used as a basis for high-quality education reform Abstract. For the sake of quality, most developing countries at certain intervals submit part or all of their school system to evaluation. Without losing sight of the realities of each country and educational model, we analysed two indicators that were used, to a greater or lesser extent, in the educational reforms undertaken in various OECD member countries. These are teachers' salaries and student/ teacher ratio, together with class size. Both are part of an attractive and sometimes profitable strategy to offset the unfavourable results that can be overwhelming for a school system. But they have also been used as a 'relief' measure in the face of the adverse results of external evaluations. We also analysed the relationship that these indicators may have with the PISA results. It is generally acknowledged that there is no direct relationship between them, although some marginal influence may exist. In those countries with excellent performance data, teachers usually have good salaries, but not all of those who have good salaries achieve good results. We also found that reducing class sizes is more beneficial in certain contexts, since class size does not acquire an absolute value. It could have more of an impact on the proposed strategies than on the final results. In general terms, what stands abov...
Children’s participation is a universal right recognised by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. This right corresponds to an image of children as social actors because of their relevant role in achieving inclusive, equitable, and sustainable development. Participation can take different forms and levels of involvement: consultative, collaborative, and child‐led. This study aimed to explore types and results of child‐led participatory practices. A scoping review was carried out to find out what evidence is available on child‐led participatory experiences. Based on 674 identified papers, a total of 33 studies met the inclusion criterion. The qualitative analysis employed in this review allowed us to explore the depth and themes of these experiences. The results obtained showed that the experiences analysed differed in (a) the research design and data collection methods of the studies, (b) the age of the participating children, (c) countries in which the experiences took place, (d) specific topics, and (e) outcomes. Moreover, they all shared a non‐adult‐centric view of children’s capacities for transformative action. The review has contributed to improving our understanding of children’s transformative capacities based on the possibilities offered by adults when they adopt a child‐rights approach and integrate co‐participatory approaches, encouraging us to rethink childhood from other cultural codes inspired by equality, recognition, and agency.
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