Conclusions The result of this study may add evidence to the microbiologic etiology of recurrent cholelithiasis and help to develop new prevention methods to avoid recurrence post EST. Conclusions This result suggests a new insight into fasting in Islam, RF, DF, and MTF can be an alternative in lowering high glucose levels caused by HFHF.

Alzheimer merupakan penyakit yang menyerang sistem saraf pusat manusia dengan tanda adanya atrofi dan kematian saraf pada beberapa regio di otak. Data dari World Health Orginazation (WHO) pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan angka penderita Alzheimer mencapai 50 juta orang dan di Indonesia mencapai 1,2 juta orang. Tatalaksana yang ada saat ini belum dapat mengobati Alzheimer secara menyeluruh dan tingginya ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam menjalani pengobatannya membuat angka penderita Alzheimer tetap tinggi. Mengetahui kombinasi memantin dan fitomelatonin yang terenkapsulasi nano-chelator sebagai terapi kuratif Alzheimer. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur. Penulis menganalisis sumber-sumber terkait yang mayoritas berasal dari jurnal yang diambil dari PubMed, Science Direct, dan Spinger. Memantin merupakan obat yang telah dipakai dalam pengobatan Alzheimer dengan memblok reseptor NMDA sehingga melindungi sel saraf dari reaksi inflamasi dan menghambat pembentukan agregasi β-Amilod. Namun, penggunaan satu bahan tersebut tidak dapat menunjukkan hasil yang maksimal. Oleh karena itu, penulis mengkombinasikan memantine dengan fitomelatonin yang didapatkan dari buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L) dengan peran sebagai antioksidan dan mengurangi agregasi β- Amilod melalui jalur yang berbeda dari memantin. Untuk meningkatkan bioavabilitas, ketepatan terapi, dan kemampuan menembus Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) dari kedua bahan tersebut maka digunakanlah nano-chelator. Melalui efek penghambatan pembentukan agregasi β- Amilod dan antioksidan dari kombinasi memantin dan melatonin dengan enkapsulasi nano- chelator diharapkan terapi Alzheimer dapat lebih efektif dan efisien.

Cataract is an eye disease that is marked by it decrease in lens transparency. Cataract is a major cause of blindness. Data The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2010 showed that there were 285 million people have visual impairments worldwide, 39 million of them blindness where 33% of them are caused by cataracts. Governance cataracts are currently limited to surgical efforts and administration of eye drops as antioxidant. But both have flaws because of the risk of complications limited ocular and lens penetrating ability. Therefore, the author reviewed the potential for triple helix microRNA characterization through specific Hydrogel Scaffold methods against microRNA-26a and hsa-microRNA-15a as the latest curative modalities on cataract disease. microRNA is a non coding RNA molecule consisting of 22 nucleotide. microRNA is known to have a specific target gene so it will increase the effectiveness of therapy in cataracts. The method used in this writing is a study of literature. The author reviews various sources, the majority come from a global journal. The author enters several keywords such as cataract, microRNA, triplex nanoparticle, and Hydrogel Scaffold. The website is used including nature, sciencedirect, pubmed, and ebsco. After extraction based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been determined, the journal is then analyzed and synthesized whose results are written in this review literature. based on literature obtained, microRNA-26a has decreased expression in cataract cases. So that when microRNA-26a is transfected, there will be an increase in regulation which can increase the positive effect on inhibiting the process of fibrosis oncataract pathomechanism mediated by Notch / Jagged-1. Meanwhile, microRNA- 15a overexpresses, so that when transfected antagomir microRNA-15a, then this microRNA will decrease and give negative feedback so the expression of bcl-2 and mcl-1 as antiapoptotic and antioxidant proteins will be increased. To increase its stability, both microRNA-26a and antagomir microRNA-15a will be formed into a triple helix RNA structure through addition dendrimer with the Hydogel Scaffold method. This allows the microRNA become more stable in circulation and can be released in specific genes. By therefore, through the triple helix RNA characterization specific to microRNA-15a and microRNA-26a, cataract therapy is expected to be more effective and efficient. Keywords : cataracts, triple helix microRNA, microRNA-15a, microRNA-2

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