Orchid is one of the ornamental plant that has a high aesthetic value. Efforts to increase the quality of orchids can be done by genetic improvement through crossing. The first step to success in orchid crossing requires information on morphological characters of the prospective parents. This study aims to determine the similarity of six species of natural Coelogyne spp based on qualitative morphological characters. Morphological characterization of 6 orchids was carried out based on 30 characters including stem, leaf, flower, pseudobulb, and rooting type. Cluster analysis was carried out with the NTSYSpc program version 2.02i with the UPGMA SimQual function method. The results showed that there were morphological diversities among the six Coelogyne spp on the character of the stem, pseudobulb, leaves, flowers and type of roots. Based on the dendrogram on 73% similarity, three major groups were obtained. The first group consisted of Coelogyne pandurata and Coelogyne rumphii, the second group was C. massangeana, C. mayeriana and C asperata, the third group was C. celebensis. Based on the morphological similarity of 87% there are two pairs of parents that have most successful chance to be crossed, C. pandurata with C. rumphii and C. mayeriana with C. asperata.

Climate change can potentially lead to reducing biodiversity, including orchids. One of the efforts to increase the biodiversity of orchids is through the crossing. This study aimed to determine the morphological characters of plants resulting from interspecific crosses between Dendrobium bigibbum from Maluku and Dendrobium liniale from Papua, also to compare them with the characters of their parents. In this study, morphological characterization was carried out on 14 accessions, 3 male parent accessions, 3 female parent accessions and 8 F1 offspring accessions. Characterization was carried out based on 30 characters, including stem, leaf, flower, pseudobulb, and root types. The research was conducted in two places, the identification of the parents was carried out at Indonesia Research Institute Botanical Garden Conservation Center in Bogor, Indonesia, while the identification of hybrids was carried out in Karangploso Village, Karanganyar Regency. Cluster analysis was performed using NTSYSpc version 2.02i program with the UPGMA SimQual function method. The results showed differences in leaf and flower morphology between accessions that were observed including size, shape, pattern, and color of the petals and sepals, but the shape and size of the pseudobulbs, color, size and shape. However, leaves tend to resemble one another.

<em>Dryland is one of the most potential ecosystems for cultivated land. Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is perennial plant originated from Peru and spread to the tropic area like China and Thailand. Arthropods in the plants can be a role as a pest, natural enemy, decomposer, and pollinator. This research purposed to specify diversity of Arthropods and its role in sacha inchi crop. This research has been carried out in June to December 2015 in Mojosongo, Kebak, Jumantono, Karanganyar, Central Java and Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sebelas Maret  Surakarta. The observation was implemented using absolute methods. Data were analyzed by descriptively about the diversity and the abundance of Arthropods on the sacha inchi plants. The result showed that on sacha inchi plant there were 75 families Arthropods consist of 13 orders those are Araneae, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Blattaria, Isoptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera, Thysanoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera. The role of Arthropods on sacha inchi plant  8% as pest, 10% as the natural enemy (predators and parasitoids), and 82% others (decomposers and pollinators). The family diversity of the Arthropods was a low category (Shannon-Weaver index is 0.692) and Pielou evenness index is 0.164 so Arthropods’ evenness was low</em>

<p>Banana is one of the favorite tropical fruit. Banana business development begins with the provision of quality seeds. Tissue culture is a seed propagation technology that can produce large amounts of seed and a relatively short time by utilizing limited plant material. The planlets result of tissue culture needs to be acclimatization before planted in the field. Hydroponic substrate-based acclimatization is expected to produce seeds that are free from soil pathogens. Adjustment of the concentration of nutrients is important in order to produce a growth response that significantly affects and does not cause poisoning or plasmolysis. This study aims to determine whether hydroponic substrate  types  and  nutrient  concentrations  affect  the  growth  of  Raja  Bulu  Kuning  Banana  plantlets.  The experiment was carried out at net house, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta in October 2016 - January 2017. The treatment factors were substrate types (bagasse, arenga peat, steamed husk) and concentration of the nutrient solution (equivalent to EC 1.8,  EC 2.0, and EC 2.5 mScm-1). The result showed that steamed husk is the best as the hydroponic substrate, while nutrient solution concentration equivalent to EC 1.8 mScm-1 is sufficient for acclimatization of Banana plantlets cv.Raja Bulu Kuning.</p>

Abstract. Hartati S, Muliawati ES. 2020. Short Communication: Genetic variation of Coelogyne pandurata, C. rumphii and their hybrids based on RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 21: 4709-4713. One effort to increase the genetic diversity of orchids is by crossing. This research aims to assess the genetic variation of a hybrid orchid obtained by crossing Coelogyne pandurata and C. rumphii and their hybrids based on RAPD markers. In this research, both parents were analyzed in three replications, while the hybrid was done in 10 replications. The study was conducted by analyzing DNA bands using RAPD markers with six primers, i.e. OPA 02, OPA 07, OPA 13, OPB 12, OPB 17, and OPD 08. Identification of the parents and their F1 hybrids showed 95.83% polymorphic bands with 43 bands measuring 200-2100 bp. The parents of C. rumphii, C. pandurata, and their hybrids showed similarity range of 0.16-1.00. The crossing of C. rumphii and C. pandurata resulted in a similarity of 0.5, shown in two large clusters. The first cluster consisted only of C. pandurata males and the second cluster consisted of C. rumphii females, together with all hybrid individuals. This study succeeded in creating new hybrids of orchids that have different characters from their parents, having a genetic variation of 23%.