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Image algebra is a rigorous, concise notation that unifies linear and nonlinear mathematics in the image domain. Image algebra was developed under DARPA and US Air Force sponsorship at University of Florida for over 15 years beginning in 1984. Image algebra has been implemented in a variety of programming languages designed specifically to support the development of image processing and computer vision programs. The University of Florida has been associated with implementations supporting the languages FORTRAN, Ada, Lisp, and C++. The latter implementation involved the implementation of a class library, iac++, that supported image algebra programming in C++.Since image processing and computer vision are generally performed with operands that are array-based, the Matlab TM programming language is ideal for implementing the common subset of image algebra. Objects include sets and set operations, images and operations on images, as well as templates and image-template convolution operations. This implementation has been found to be useful for research in data, image, and video compression, as described herein. Due to the widespread acceptance of the Matlab programming language in the computing community, this new implementation offers exciting possibilities for supporting a large group of users. The control over an object's computational resources provided to the algorithm designer by Matlab means that the image algebra Matlab (IAM) library can employ versatile representations for the operands and operations of the algebra.In this paper, we first outline the purpose and structure of image algebra, then present IAM notation in relationship to the preceding (IAC++) implementation. We then provide examples to show how IAM is more convenient and more readily supports efficient algorithm development. Additionally, we show how image algebra and IAM can be employed in compression algorithm development and analysis.

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