RESUMO O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) é uma neoplasia maligna de células redondas, de origem supostamente histiocítica. É uma patologia bem conhecida e comumente diagnosticada em cães, principalmente naqueles que tenham acesso à rua e contato com animais errantes, isto porque é transmitido através do transplante de células tumorais viáveis seja pelo coito, forma mais comumente vista, ou pelo contato do tumor com mucosas e soluções de continuidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo relatar caso de TVT de localização incomum em cão macho, adulto, sem raça definida, que foi encaminhado ao setor de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia para realização de necropsia. À necropsia observou-se massa no globo ocular medindo aproximadamente 1,5 cm de diâmetro, de consistência friável, coloração avermelhada intercalada com áreas esbranquiçadas e massa na base do pênis de aproximadamente 2,0 cm de diâmetro e com as mesmas características da massa no olho. Microscopicamente, observou-se células arredondadas, exibindo moderado pleomorfismo, basofílicas, citoplasma em quantidade moderada, basofílico e apresentando vacúolos, núcleo central, esférico e basofílico. Foi diagnosticado tumor venéreo transmissível a partir das características morfológicas das células obtidas por punção aspirativa por agulha fina das massas no pênis e globo ocular. Trata-se de localização pouco comum de TVT e o teste citopatológico foi suficiente e adequado para o diagnóstico desta patologia. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: caninos, neoplasia, olho.

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Pneumocephalus is a well described disease; it is commonly diagnosed in humans, but the condition is rarely encountered in veterinary medicine. Computed tomography (CT) is the gold-standard diagnostic method for identifying this disease, and other methods (such as necropsy) are rarely described. In this report, we describe necropsy findings of a 10-month-old, mixed-breed dog with intraventricular pneumocephalus. The dog was referred to Laboratory of Animal Pathology of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil, for necropsy after being diagnosed with pneumocephalus upon CT. In the examination, the brain had dilation of both lateral ventricles with empty spaces. Histopathology showed congestion and mineralization only near the lateral ventricles, leading to the diagnosis of pneumocephalus based on the macroscopic findings. The animal also showed sinusitis characterized by nasal discharge and neutrophilic infiltration of nasal sinuses. However, bacterial culture was not conclusive because of contamination of the sample. This is therefore an important report that shows necropsy findings of intraventricular pneumocephalus, which is a rare condition in dogs. By documenting the necropsy findings, we hope to help veterinary pathologists, including those with limited access to diagnostic imaging.

Canine Distemper is a disease caused by Canine morbillivirus (CM), a pantropic virus that can affect the central nervous system (CNS), causing demyelination. However, the pathogenesis of this lesion remains to be clarified. Brain samples of 14 naturally infected dogs by CM were analyzed to evaluate the presence of oxidative stress and demyelination. RT-PCR assay was performed to confirm a diagnosis of canine distemper in the brain, immunohistochemistry anti-CM was used to localize the viral proteins in the tissue, and anti-4-hydroxy-2 nonenal (4-HNE) was a marker of a product of lipid peroxidation. The results showed the presence of viral proteins in the demyelinated area with the presence of 4-HNE. Our results suggest that the CM virus infection causes oxidative stress leading to lipid peroxidation, which causes tissue damage and demyelination. In conclusion, oxidative stress plays a significant role in canine distemper pathogenesis in the CNS.