Tumbuhan Kopasanda (Chromolaena odorata L.) banyak terdapat di indonesia dan memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kadar flavonoid dan aktivitas antiksidan ekstrak batang kopasanda. Batang Kopasanda diektraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Kadar flavonoid ekstrak diukur dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak ditentukan dengan  metode DPPH. Hasil  penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol batang kopasanda memiliki kadar flavonoid sebesar 25,03±4,448 mgQE/g ekstrak dan aktivitas senyawa antioksidan didapatkan nilai IC50 sebesar 156,22 ppm dengan kategori antioksidan lemah.

Ngapi nut peel is an organic waste that is often found at traditional markets which has not been fully utilized and can pollute the environment. The utilization of ngapi nut peel extract to control stink bugs was carried out. The purpose of this study was to obtain LC50 values and compounds that can eradicate stink bugs. Ngapi nut peel was extracted with methanol using the maceration method, the extract were analyzed by using GC-MS, phytochemical test was used to determine secondary metabolite and total phenolic by using the Follin-Ciocalteau method. The spray method was used to determined LC50 on stink bugs. The results showed that methanol extract positively contained flavonoid, phenolic, saponin and terpenoid. Total phenolic value was 0.65 mg GAE/g DW. GC-MS showed compounds that have the potential as natural pesticides such as 2,4-Dimethyl-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine; 3-(4-Methoxypheny l,2-propenoic acid; Undecanoic acid; Phthalic acid. LC50 test for 12 and 24 hours were found on concentrations 24.4174 g/L and 17.3101 g/L. The methanol extract of ngapi nut peel on concentrations of 35 g/L showed the highest percentage 87% of stink bugs mortality at 24 hours. It can be concluded that extract can control the stink bugs.

Sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman yang pesat dan kebutuhan manusia yang semakin kompleks, penggunaan sabun mandi padat yang biasa saja tidaklah cukup. Pertimbangan pemilihan sabun tidak selalu berdasarkan pada segi harga saja, tetapi juga kandungan bahan alami dan manfaat dari produk tersebut. Salah satu bahan alami yang kaya akan manfaat adalah mentimun. Mentimun merupakan buah yang mengandung banyak zat antioksidan yang sangat bagus untuk merawat kesehatan kulit. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini akan mengkaji tentang pembuatan sabun mandi padat yang menggunakan bahan tambahan sari buah mentimun. Metode pembuatan sabun pada penelitian ini menggunakan hot process dengan memvariasikan NaOH mulai dari 20; 30; 40 % (b/v) serta variasi sari mentimun 0; 1; 1,5 ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi NaOH akan menaikkan nilai pH, kestabilan busa, alkali bebas, dan kadar air. Sedangkan volume mentimun berpengaruh terhadap kenaikan nilai pH dan kestabilan busa serta menurunkan nilai kadar alkali bebas. Sabun mandi padat yang memenuhi standar SNI sabun 3532:2016 didapatkan pada konsentrasi NaOH 30% (b/v) dan volume sari mentimun 1 ml. Pada variabel tersebut dihasilkan pH sabun 8; kestabilan busa 5,5 cm; kadar alkali 0,05%; dan kadar air 7,7%.

Background: Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) seed has various phytochemical compounds and low pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Objective: This research aimed to study nanoemulsion preparations of Mahkota Dewa seed (NE-BMD) for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Method: The nanoemulsion was prepared using an ultrasonication probe and followed by selecting two formulations, F7 and F8. The anti-oxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH method, meanwhile, the anti-inflammatory activity test was conducted using the protein denaturation method with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) for in vitro studies. In addition, for in vivo studies, the plethysmometer method was used with 1% carrageenan as an inducer. Results: The characterization of NE-BMD preparations showed that the particle size and polydispersity index were 26,83 ± 1,27 nm (PI: 0.36 ± 0.03) and 30.73 ± 1.50 nm (PI: 0.32 ± 0.06) for NE-BMD F7 and F8 formulation, respectively. In addition, the anti-oxidant activity test revealed that the IC50 values of NE_BMD F7 and F8 were 15.62 ± 1.40 µg/ml and 28.39 ± 4.69 µg/ml, respectively. The protein denaturation test showed that the IC50 values for NE-BMD F7 and F8 were 94.39 ± 1.24 µg/ml and 196.63 ± 1.61 µg/ml, respectively. Meanwhile, the study of anti-inflammatory in vivo for NE-BMD F7 with a 1 g/kg BW dose showed a significant improvement in anti-inflammatory activity compared to BMD extract. Conclusion: This research suggests that due to the smaller drug particle size, the nanoemulsion dosage form of Mahkota Dewa seed extract has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, thus emerging as an adjunct alternative treatment for inflammation.