Ghanem et al ... essential trace elements that have been studied in many diseases, including autoimmune, neurologic and psychiatric disor-INTRODUCTlON Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are two COPPER AND ZINC LEVELS IN HAIR OF BOTH SCHIZOPHRENIC

Ali et al... benefits of these uses acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning is an increasing worldwide problem, particularly in rural areas. They are the most important cause of severe toxicity and death from INTRODUCTlON Organophosphorus pesticides are used widely for agriculture, vector control, and domestic purposes. Despite the apparent

No abstract

Gentamicin (GM) is an effective antibiotic against severe gram-negative infections. However ir can produce nephrotoxicity ilz human. The Nigella sativa (NS) oil luis been subjected to several investigcuions that have revealed its amioxldant activity in different conditions. The aim of this study is to assess the toxic effects ofGM on the kidney aJui the protective value ofnigella sativa oil supplementation against gen-taJnicintoxicity. Sixty rats were equally divided into 6 groups: Group I (-ve control group), Group II (Saline group), Group 111 (Com oil group), Group fV (NS group). Group V (GM group) and Group VI (GM+NS group). The period of the study extended for 10 days . In the last 24 hours, urine was collected to estimate urinary protein eu:retion. Then, the rats were sacrificed for biochemical analysis (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and renal histopathology by light and electron microscope. The results of this study showed no significam difference between the negative control, saline, corn oil and NS groups in all measured biochemical parameters. However, there was signijica11t difference in these measured biochemical par(l}lleters between GM group and the negative control group.Furthermore, there was significant difference between GM+NS group and GM group. Light microscopic examination of kidney specilnens of the rats of GM groups showed proximal tubular degeneration, necrosis, desquamation in epithelial cells of the proximal tubules, disturbed architecture and injlaJmnatory infiltrate. However, the electron microscopic e.xaminaJion of the same rats revealed detailed histopathological changes thaJ help in explanation the mechanism of toxicity of this drug. The co administration of NS with GM revealed marked improvement in histopaJhological c/UJnges of kidney by light (111d electron microscopic examination. It was concluded that gentaJuicin has toxic effects on kidney, and the use of nigel-/a sativa in combination with gentamicin could ameliorate its toxicity. 73Mansoura ].

The protccliw: effect of glutatltioue (GSH) a11d granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) 011 myelosuppression inducet! by 5-fluorouraci/ (5-FU) were compared in female mice. Tfte animals were divided into seven gro11ps. Group I (10 mice) received no treotment. group 2 (/0 mice) received GSH (800 mgl kg) by inrmperi10neal rotae in daily doses for rlre first 7 days thell left untreated for cmotfler 7 days, a11d ~JI'OIIJI J (10 mice) received G-CSF (250 11glkg) by subcuta11e0tts route in daily doses for the first 7 days tlt('/1 lc:ft tmtreated for u1eotl!a 7 days. Animnls iu sroups I. 2 wu! J were sacrificed on day 15. Group 4 (20 mice} received a single dose-of 5-FU (160 mg!kg) by ;,ztraperiloneal route in t!le stft day, Group 5 (20 mict:) reccil'ctl GS/1 i11 dnily doses jrJr the first 7 doy.v followed by n .ingle dose of 5-FU in the 8 111 dny, Graul' 6 (20 mict:) received G-CSF i11 daily doses fortlte first 7 days followed by o single dose of 5-FU in the 8'11 dny and group 7 o{animnls (20 mice) rei:eit>ed da ily doses of botft GSH t1nd G-CSF for tl1e first 7 days follo wed by a single Hose of 5-FU in the 8tll dny. Animals in groups 4, 5. 6 and 7 were di1•icled into 2 .wbgroups; subgroup a: 10 m ice were sacrificed 011 day 9 i. e. I clay after 5-FU adminislrutiou nnd subgroup b: 10 mice were sacrificed 0 11 day 15 i.e. !week after 5-FU administratio11. Mice were sacrificed by Clll throat all({ blood sainples were obtni11ed for determination of haemoto!ogical values; lwemoglvbilt (Hb). luwmatocrite value (liCT). mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC). mean corpit.~culur l'olume (MCV), 'mean corpuscularlwemoglobin (MCH), as well as total (TLC) and tlif fen:ntinl (DLC) leucocyte cowtt. Theu dissection of mice was done •where the right femurs were used for bon<' '"''rmll' cytology, w(,ile left femurs were used for bone marrow histopathology. In groups 5o given GSII pretreutmellt aud 6a gi ven G •CSF pretreatme11t (where mice killed I day after 5-FU dose) prote<:tion WIIS demoustrated regarding nertlropenia, bon~ marrow cytology and histopathology. lncompletC' protectiolt was revealed in mice recei1 1 ed GSH prefreatment or G-CSF prelreatment and killed I week after 5-FU dose (groups 5b and 6b respecti!Jely), while grm~ps la oud 7b give11 combiued GSH aud G-CSF pretreatment revealed uo protection .