Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) uses charge transfer between two asymmetric charge affinity materials such as metal and dielectrics. Metal electrode acts as charge collector from dielectrics and acts as charge transfer path to an external load, which model deals with only a net charge of metal electrode concerning electrical output. In this work, we found that metal electrode in triboelectric generator has non-negligible surface charge polarization causing open-circuit voltage difference in the model TENG system. The output voltage depends on the initial preparation conditions of the TENG for I–V measurements, even for the same measured charge densities. The measured output voltage difference with the same charge density implies that electric charges of TENG are composed of movable charges that affect current and voltage output and the bounded fixed charges that only affect open-circuit voltage.

In order to detect the new physics effect with heavy quark and lepton weak decays, the Belle II experiment held at the SuperKEKB in KEK(Japan) started Phase II, the second stage of the experiment, purpose of which are first beam collision test, sub-detector calbribration with beam and first physics data taking [1]. Belle II detector status have to be monitored for stable operation during trigger and DAQ operation upon beam collision. Slow control system, is one of main monitoring and controlling framworks of Belle II experiment, is based on NSM2(Network Shared Memory II) which is advanced version of NSM used at the Belle experiment. The technique let for all systems connected to Belle II server share data by memory sharing via network [2]. The ECL Trigger slow control system is the slow control system for Electomagnetic Calorimeter Trigger system. This system consists of 3 parts which are the user module, the configuration database and the archiver.In this study, we report the development of slow control system for the Belle II electromagnetic calorimeter (ECL) trigger system during ongoing Phase II.

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The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider began physics datataking in 2019 with full detectors. The main goal of the Belle II is to search for new physics beyond the Standard Model in heavy flavor decays and Dark sector. In order to select events of interest efficiently under severe beam background environment from higher instantaneous luminosity run than the KEKB collider, we have upgraded a real-time hardware trigger system using the CsI(Tl) electromagnetic calorimeter. In this report, performance of the calorimeter trigger system under SuperKEKB Phase 3 operation is described. K: Trigger algorithms; Calorimeters; Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software)1Corresponding author.