While assessing the economic impacts of corruption, the corruption-related transmission channels which influence taxation as such have to be duly considered. Taking the example of the Czech Republic, this article aims to evaluate the impacts corruption has on the size of the shadow economy as well as on the individual sources of long-term economic growth, making use of a transmission channel through which corruption affects the tax burden components. Using the method of an extended DSGE model, it confirms the initial assumption that an increase in perceived corruption supports the shadow economy’s growth, but at the same time, it demonstrates that corruption and especially its perception has a significantly different effect on two key areas—the capital accumulation and the labour force size. It further identifies another sector of the economy representing taxes which are prone to tax evasion while asserting that corruption has a much more destructive effect on this sector of the economy, offering generalized implications for other post-communist EU member states in a similar situation.

Despite environmental taxation’s presumed advantages for long-term sustainable development goals, the problematic institutional conditions associated with high levels of corruption could become a significant obstacle undermining these efforts. Taking the example of the Czech Republic as a benchmark, the aim of this article is to evaluate the impact of corruption and its implications on the size of the official and the shadow economy in the sector burdened with environmental excise tax while confronting it with the sector not burdened with such tax. In terms of methodology, an extended DSGE (Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium) model has been used. In the case of the shadow economy, the two sectors, burdened and not burdened with environmental taxes, followed a similar trend. However, concerning the official economy, this research found out that if environmental taxation is not applied, then lower, non-systemic corruption has a positive effect on the size of production as the effect of increased workforce motivation clearly dominates, suppressing the effect of reduced capital accumulation. Conversely, in the sector burdened with environmental taxation, corruption has an almost unequivocally negative effect on the production economy. In this sense, corruption has the capacity to limit the implementation of sustainable development policies including the European Green Deal, especially if it is systemic in nature.

The transition to Industry 4.0 presumes the use of innovation potential which is also determined by the institutional environment, including the level of corruption and its perception. The post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe are characterized by a higher level of corruption and higher share of the shadow economy, which can fundamentally reduce their innovation potential and thus become the brake on the transition to Industry 4.0. The aim of this paper is thus to evaluate the effects of corruption in public administration on the size and structure of the shadow economy, and to determine whether the existence of corruption may affect the transition of a country and society to Industry 4.0. Based on an extended DSGE (Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium) model and using the data for the Czech Republic, the paper finds that corruption in public administration has a much more destructive and long-term effect on the capital accumulation than on the size of the workforce. In that sense, corruption can become a significant obstacle to the transition, underlining that the task of public policies is not only to support digitization, robotization, and further development of technologies, but especially to ensure a transparent non-corrupt environment of public administration.

Abstract-Innovation is a central driver of economic growth and development. It is the key that enables firms to successfully compete in the global marketplace, and the process by which solutions are found to social and economic challenges. Every country (firm) should be interested in investment in innovation. Nevertheless this area was affected too by economic crises (recession) significantly. Another important factor which impact innovation progress is stably, continual economic policy without repeated and strong fluctuations. This policy leads to higher investment rate and economic growth. How changed crisis the perception of predictability of economic policy? The aim of this paper is to find out (on the example of five largest European economies), how changed the perception of economic policy before crises and over the period of crises and its impact on investment, innovation and economic growth.

ÚvodS pojmem korupce se v posledních letech setkáváme stále častěji, ať už v médiích, vyjád-řeních politiků, či při veřejných prezentacích výsledků různých průzkumů. Je považována za jeden ze závažných celosvětových problémů, který je nutné řešit. Tento jev provází lidstvo od nepaměti v mnoha podobách a chápání korupce a její závažnosti je významně ovlivněno kulturou, prostředím, ve kterém lidé žijí, a hodnotami, které vyznávají.Obecně existuje celá řada faktorů, které mohou determinovat výši korupce. Mezi velmi důležité patří také kvalita institucionálního prostředí. Cílem tohoto příspěvku je zhodnotit relevanci institucionálního rámce a vliv jednotlivých institucionálních proměnných na velikost korupce. V detailnějším členění se jedná o kategorizaci institucionálních a ekonomickým proměnných a posouzení relevance vlivu na korupční prostředí v jednotlivých homogenních skupinách zemí (ve smyslu chápání podmíněné konvergence zemí se stejnými institucionálními parametry). Prostředkem je panelová regrese na vybraném vzorku zemí OECD a Evropské unie.1 Příspěvek je zpracován v rámci řešení projektu podporovaného GAČR. Korupce a její determinující faktoryFaktorů ovlivňujících míru korupce 3 je mnoho, nicméně, jak uvádějí studie zabývající se touto problematikou, např. Rose-Ackerman (1997), Tanzi (1998)