This study aims to determine the application of SL-PTT to smallholder cocoa farmers and the role of agricultural extension agents in cocoa cultivation activities in Banda Baru Sub District, Pidie Jaya District. This research uses survey method. Primary data was obtained from structured interviews (quisioner) while secondary data were obtained from various agencies that were related to this research. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively and described in the results of the study. The results showed that the majority of members of the Cocoa farmer group were productive working age for farming, the majority only had formal junior high school education level (SLTP). More than half of Cocoa farmers have a family burden of 3-5 people. The land area of kakao farmers is in the medium category (1-3 Ha). The application of SL-PTT in the People's Cocoa Farming is in the role category. Furthermore, the role of instructors as initiators, mediators, facilitators is in the very instrumental category, while the role of instructors as dynamicators and organizers is in the role category. Strengthening is needed for extension agents, especially in terms of strengthening farmer group institutions and the ability and skills to motivate farmer group members to implement innovations offered by extension workers in cocoa farming activities

This study aims to determine the impact of training to produce Bokashi fertilizer including; 1) the ability of red chili farmers as participants to identify raw materials to make Bokhashi fertilizer, 2) the farmers understand the benefits of Bokashi fertilizer in red chili cultivation, 3) the farmers are able to make Bokashi fertilizer, 4) farmers familiar how to apply Bokashi fertilizer in the red chili cultivation, (5) farmers have a desire to apply Bokashi fertilizer to the red chili cultivation. The research method is qualitative descriptive which measures the impact of implementing Bokashi fertilizer training by comparing the initial evaluation (pretest) with the final evaluation (posttest) of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of farmers towards Bokashi fertilizer training. The results of the study indicate the impact of increasing aspects of knowledge, skills, and attitudes of participants from the indicators assessed in this research activity. It is expected that the government and other empowerment parties will provide a variety of empowerment methods (a combination of training and mentoring) to increase the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of farmers in farming chili

In the field of education, ethical politics has opened the way for indigenous people to make changes. However, the implementation of ethical politics has not fully given women the freedom to get formal education, especially in the Priangan area especially in the Limbangan area, Garut, West Java. The situation of women after the implementation of the Ethical Politics, especially in the Priangan area, most of the women were still bound by ignorance. Therefore, there were women who were concerned about education for women during the Dutch Colonial period. one of the characters namely Raden Ayu Lasminingrat born in 1843 in Limbangan Garut Regency is Princess Hoofd Penghulu Limbangan Garut namely Raden Haji Muhammad Musa.

Masalah yang dikaji dalam studi ini diarahkan pada Dampak keberadaan Lembaga Hukum Adat Laot sebagai salah satu model pengelolaan perikanan berbasis masyarakat yang masih tetap eksis dalam lingkungan nelayan Aceh untuk dapat memberikan manfaat terhadap peningkatan pendapatan nelayan. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini secara umum peran LHAL belum efektif dalam kehidupan masyarakat nelayan, sehingga pemerintah dirasa perlu memberikan perhatian serius kepada nelayan dalam hal penyediaan sarana dan prasarana penangkapan yang lebih baik sehingga dapat meningkatkan hasil tangkapan yang berdampak terhadap peningkatan pendapatan. Usaha yang dilakukan diantaranya penguatan kelembagaan Panglima Laot dengan cara mengefektifkan kelembagaan dan berupaya meningkatkan pemahaman nelayan tentang Lembaga Hukum Adat Laot.

Tujuan jangka panjang dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  persepsi masyarakat nelayan terhadap peran panglima laot di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Secara khususpenelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengidentifikasi karakteristik masyarakat pesisir diKabupaten Pidie Jaya Provinsi Aceh, (2) Mengetahui dan menganalisis peran PanglimaLaot bagi masyarakat pesisir di kabupaten Pidie Jaya dalam pengelolaan sumber dayapesisir, (3) Mengetahui persepsi masyarakat pesisir terhadap peran Panglima Laot dalampemberdayaan dan pelestarian lingkungan pesisir di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya.Penelitian ini mengunakan metode survey dimana penentuan lokasi ditentukansecara purposive ( sengaja) di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Data pimer didapatkan dariresponden melalui wawancara terstruktur (quisioner).  Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa masyarakat nelayan dilokasi penelitian mayoritas masih berumur produktif,tingkat pendidikan formal rata-rata SLTP serta pendapatan keluarga yang rendah.Masyarakat nelayan dilokasi penelitian masih berpersepsi bahwa Panglima laot masihberperan dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat pesisir. Jenjang persepsi tersebut secaraberurut adalah: 1) Peran Panglima Laot dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan danpersengketaan antar nelayan, (2) Peran Panglima Laot dalam mengawasi ketentuanhukum adat laot,(3) Peran Panglima Laot sebagai penghubung antara nelayan denganpihak pemerintah  dan (4) Peran panglima laot dalam menjaga dan mengawasi kelestarianlingkungan wilayah  pesisir.