The large surface area of the skin, high metabolism and location at the border of two environments (external and internal) cause continuous production of free radicals within the skin. There are two mechanisms of skin photoaging. The first one involves UVA-induced production of reactive oxygen species. The second mechanism is based on a direct interaction of UVB with DNA and induction of damage in the DNA structure. One way by which UVA leads to skin aging is activation of the AP-1 transcription factor due to singlet oxygen, which is released by UV radiation. Antioxidants slow down oxidation leading to the formation of free radicals, or inactivate already formed free radicals, and thereby accelerate interruption of chain reactions. Moreover, photoprotection has a key role in combating photoaging and eliminating its effects. STRESZCZENIEDuża powierzchnia skóry, wysoki metabolizm oraz usytuowanie na granicy dwóch środowisk (zewnętrznego i wewnętrznego) sprawiają, że w jej obrębie nieustannie dochodzi do produkcji wolnych rodników. Istnieją dwa mechanizmy fotostarzenia skóry. Pierwszy polega na produkowaniu reaktywnych form tlenu pod wpływem UVA, które następ-nie wpływają na cząsteczki skóry i powodują dalsze przemiany. Drugi mechanizm opiera się na bezpośredniej interakcji promieniowania UVB z DNA i indukowaniu uszkodzeń DNA. Promieniowanie UVA prowadzi do procesu starzenia się skóry, między innymi w drodze aktywacji czynnika transkrypcyjnego AP-1, poprzez uwalniany pod wpływem UV tlen singletowy. Antyoksydanty spowalniają procesy utleniania skutkujące powstaniem wolnych rodników lub dezaktywują już wytworzone, przez co przyspieszają przerwanie reakcji łańcucho-wych. Ważną rolę w walce z fotostarzeniem skóry odgrywa fotoprotekcja wraz z niwelowaniem jego skutków.
Retinol peel treatments can help to increase the amount of skin surface lipids in women during menopause.
Background: Topical application of retinol connected with the improvement of various parameters of aging skin is often used in post-and menopausal women. Vitamin A-vitamin C complex treatments may influence skin surface lipids and boost the fibroblasts activity as well as increase their number, thus inducing the improvement of its elasticity. Objective: In the current paper, we demonstrate and evaluate the impact of retinol and vitamin C complex on the face and neck skin elasticity level in a group of women aged 50-69. Method: Reviscometer RVM 600 (Courage & Khazaka, Germany) was used to measure forehead, cheeks and neck skin elasticity in a group of 21 women. Each of the patients was subjected to four treatment sessions that included skin elasticity measurements before each of the three retinol peels at 3-week intervals and one 3-week after the completion of the therapy. Results: Significant increase in the cheeks and neck skin elasticity was observed in the study group. Conclusion: Treatments including retinol with vitamin C-vitamin A complex significantly influence the improvement of skin elasticity, thus reducing the signs of skin aging.
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