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The southern frontier of Mesoamerica has fluctuated through time but has generally included portions of the Central American countries of El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Tied into this liminal status, the history of archaeological research and the development of archaeological institutions in these countries have varied, sometimes emphasizing “Mesoamerican-ness” and sometimes highlighting independent development. This article discusses the history of archaeological practice in El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. It then presents a brief overview of the culture history of the region with particular emphasis on relations with Mesoamerican cultures.

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Located in the Puuc region of Yucatan, Mexico, the Labyrinth of Oxkintok, also known as Satunsat, is one of the most enigmatic ancient structures in the northern Maya lowlands. Inside this otherwise unremarkable terraced building platform is a series of interconnected vaulted passageways and horizontal ducts that spans three levels. In 2016, we conducted a comprehensive digital documentation of the exterior and interior surfaces and spaces of Satunsat via terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry. The result is a fused, geometrically accurate, full coverage model with exceptional color and texture fidelity. These data enabled a preliminary structural health assessment and evaluation of the varied masonry techniques employed in the construction of Satunsat and can inform future studies related to the structure’s function and meaning.</p>