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Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a complex disorder that refers to different hip problems, ranging from neonatal instability to acetabular or femoral dysplasia, hip subluxation, and hip dislocation. It may result in structural modifications, which may lead to early coxarthrosis. Despite identifying the risk factors, the exact aetiology and pathophysiology are still unclear. Neonatal screening, along with physical examination and ultrasound, is critical for the early diagnosis of DDH to prevent the occurrence of early coxarthrosis. This review summarizes the currently practised strategies for the detection and treatment of DDH, focusing particularly on current practices for managing residual acetabular dysplasia (AD). AD may persist even after a successful hip reduction. Pelvic osteotomy is required in cases of persistent AD. It could also be undertaken simultaneously with an open hip reduction. Evaluation of the residual dysplasia (RD) of the hip and its management is still a highly active area of discussion. Recent research has opened the door to discussion on this issue and suggested treatment options for AD. But there is still room for more research to assist in managing AD.

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Objectives: Length disparities of children’s limbs might make it difficult for them to engage in social, recreational, and leisure activities. The main goals of surgical treatment of limb length discrepancy (LLD) are to restore limb function and prevent adverse social effects. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of children who received therapy for limb length discrepancies. Methods: Twenty participants fit the inclusion criteria and completed the validated and translated version of the electronic questionnaire of the brief version of the world health organization questionnaire for QoL assessment the brief version (WHO-QoL-BREF). Answering the questionnaire was administered by an interviewer over the phone. The questionnaire comprised basic patient information and questions regarding the QoL. Results: There were 12 male participants and eight females. The total WHO-QoL BREF score of the participants is 94.15 ± 10.01 (out of 125). The differences between the mean scores of all domains according to participants’ demographic, distortion, and surgical variables were insignificant. Conclusion: Ensuring the QoL and function improvement after treatment of LLD is crucial. More attention must be paid to selecting the appropriate procedure for the suitable patient when treating LLD.

Rationale: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) has an incidence of 5 per 1000 newborns and its management depends on various factors. We present a rare case of DDH with soft tissue obliteration and a bony prominence in the center of the acetabulum after failed open reduction and acetabuloplasty. Patient concerns: A 20-month-old girl presented to our clinic with right hip stiffness after undergoing open reduction and acetabuloplasty at another hospital. Diagnoses: The diagnosis of DDH was made using a computed tomography scan that revealed a right hip dislocation with soft tissue obliteration and a bony prominence in the center of the acetabulum. Interventions: We used a novel technique for treating the rare presentation of complicated DDH with massive soft tissue obliteration and bony prominence in the center of the acetabulum after failed open reduction and acetabuloplasty. The right hip was surgically explored. The acetabulum was deepened and resurfaced. Bone cement was applied over the acetabulum to prevent future ankylosis. Outcomes: At the follow-up 7 years after the last surgery, the patient had regained full range of motion and a properly reduced right hip with optimal acetabular coverage on radiographs. Lessons: Care must be taken in any patient with DDH who presents with hip redislocation after open reduction. If deepening and resurfacing of the acetabulum are required, bone cement could be used as a temporary spacer for 8 weeks; this was key in treating our patient.