The Lesser Sunda islands, i.e. Bali, West and East Nusa Tenggara are locus of the harsh climate regime in Indonesia. The research was conducted in 2020 by a Descriptive method that aims to identify occurrence of climate change represented by anomalies of sea surface temperature (SST), air temperature, precipitation, and wind vector. The study area was focused on the convergence zone of the South Indian Ocean extending from 0° to 10°S, and 114° to 130°E. The temporal observation was at a peak of the rainy season in February and a transition period in March and April. Changes in climate variables were quantified by a test of two linear regression slopes and a binomial probability. Climate data were acquired from the International Research Institute (IRI) in a span of 30 years (1990 to 2020), with exception of air temperature from 1920 to 2020. Results showed that rainfall and SST had changed since 2005, and air temperature since 1995. Rainfall was significantly decreased afterward. SST and air temperature subsequently increased. The impact of climate change was compounded by wind vector anomalies in February, March and April. In conclusion, the Lesser Sunda Islands had experienced the ongoing climate change, indicated by lowering annual rainfall by 130.8 mm, increasing SST by 0.8°C and air temperature by 0.1°C in a decade respectively. In addition, Persistence Westerly winds through the end of April possibly induced severe flooding, on the other hand, the early emergence of southeast Trade winds before April could result in severe drought.

Kegiatan pengabdian budidaya tanaman okra bertujuan memberdayakan masyarakat di KEK Mandalika agar dapat mandiri dalam ketahanan pangan lokal dengan memanfaatkan potensi lahan pertanian yang tergolong sangat luas. Budidaya tanaman okra pada berbagai jenis tanah memiliki karakteristik yakni drainase yang baik, jenis tanah berlempung pasir, temperatur udara mulai dari 27-30 °C sehingga pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman cepat tumbuh. Kegiatan budidaya tanaman okra pada tanah vertisol menggunakan pengairan dengan sistem irigasi tetes (Drip Irrigation) karena tanah vertisol adalah tanah banyak mengandung banyak mineral lempung yang baik untuk pertanian. Sistem irigasi tetes (Drip Irrigation) adalah teknik pengairan dengan cara pemberian air melalui pipa paralon secara ditempatkan di samping tanaman. Keunggulan dari sistem irigasi tetes ini adalah pada saat pengairan cukup diaplikasikan di bagian area akar yang basah untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air pada setiap tanaman, akan tetapi air yang di tambahkan dapat di serap oleh tanaman secara berkala dengan kelembaban tanah yang rendah. Pengairan dengan sistem irigasi tetes ini tentu efektif untuk kegiatan usaha pertanian. Dengan kegiatan sosialisasi teknik penanaman yang baik, masyarakat dapat terus mengembangkan budidaya hortikultura tanaman local.

Wallace region is mostly comprised of the southeast archipelagoes of Indonesia, namely West and East Nusa Tenggara. Lombok is a west border of the Wallace line which biologically delineate the distinguished fauna and climate in the eastern Indonesia. However, the pristine natural resource is under climatic and anthropogenic threat. A case study by means of a Descriptive method was conducted to identify any contradictive use of natural resource leading to environmental degradation, as well as to study ruination impact of climate uncertainty. Long term satellite images of Lombok from 1980’s up to the latest date were traced to identify any changes in land cover, land use and settlement. Climate data were analyzed to find its trend and forecast its potential impact on the environment. Overall, the results showed that the pristine environments, namely forests, hillocks and cliffs, particularly in tourism destination sites had been accordingly overburdened by contradictive use of resources. Lack of law enforcements in environmental protection was a key point to be addressed as a major factor resulted in losses of the most valuable value of Lombok natural scene. In addition, manmade disaster is becoming more frequent with climate change commonly accused. In conclusion, the future of the natural resource in Lombok would not be merely relied on world class facilities of tourism industry, but on to what extend effort to naturally sustain the beauty of natural scene, stop degrading the lands and be responsible to protect environment in line with regional development.

Organic carbon greatly affects soil physical, chemical and biological fertility, so that this soil property is an indicator in determining soil health and quality. The amount of carbon stored in the soil can change due to land use, and its transformation from the ground to the air in the form of CO2, which can lead to global warming. This study aims to determine soil carbon stocks in various types of land use in West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. A number of soil samples (disturbed and undisturbed samples) were collected from various types of land use (forest, garden, paddy field, dry land and shrubs) using a soil drill (ring diameter 5.8 cm) from 3 depths; 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm. Disturbed samples were dried, ground, sieved with a 2.00 mm sieve diameter, and analysed for their C-organic content using the Walkley and Black methods. Meanwhile, the undisturbed samples were processed in the laboratory to determine the bulk density (BV) of the soil. The results showed that the largest soil carbon stock was found in forests, followed by gardens, rice fields, moorlands, and shrubs. It was also found that the largest carbon stock was at a depth of 0-10 cm in all land use types and decreased with soil depth. These findings can be used as a reference in soil carbon management, considering that the carbon stock in rice fields, moor and shrubs is low to very low, which in turn can reduce soil fertility and productivity.

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