In this rapid communication, we present the surface vertical deposition (SVD) method to synthesize the gold nanoparticle films. Under conditions where the surface of the gold nanoparticle suspension descends slowly by evaporation, the gold nanoparticles in the solid–liquid–gas junction of the suspension aggregate together on the substrate by the force of solid and liquid interface. When the surface properties of the substrate and colloidal nanoparticle suspension define for the SVD, the density of gold nanoparticles in the thin film made by SVD only depends on the descending velocity of the suspension surface and on the concentration of the gold nanoparticle suspension.

A water compatible DABCO grafted on magnetic nanoparticles with an ionic tag has been developed and used to catalyze the aza-Michael addition.

Solubilities of 2-benzoyl-3-chlorobenzoic acid and 1-chloroanthraquinone in organic solvents of ethyl acetate, acetone, 1,4-dioxane, and toluene were determined experimentally in the temperature range from (273.15 to 323.15) K by gravimetric method. The experimental results indicate that the solubility of 2-benzoyl-3-chlorobenzoic acid and 1-chloroanthraquinone in the solvents increased with an increase in temperature. The solubility data of 1-chloroanthraquinone in the different solvents accord with the following order toluene > ethyl acetate > 1,4-dioxane > acetone, whereas for 2-benzoyl-3-chlorobenzoic acid the order is toluene > 1,4-dioxane > ethyl acetate > acetone. The experimental data were correlated with the modified Apelblat equation, λh equation, Wilson model, and NRTL model. The correlation results with the modified Apelblat equation, the λh equation, and NRTL model are better than those with the Wilson model. The enthalpy, entropy, and the change of Gibbs free energy of 2-benzoyl-3-chlorobenzoic acid and 1-chloroanthraquinone in the selected organic solvents were calculated from the measured solubility data by using the modified van’t Hoff equation. The experimental data and model parameters would be useful for optimizing the preparation and purification process of 1-chloroanthraquinone and 2-benzoyl-3-chlorobenzoic acid in industry.

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An efficient and facile protocol for aza-Michael addition of aliphatic and aromatic amines to electron-deficit alkenes using [TMG][Lac] as catalyst under solvent-free conditions was established.