Objectives:To evaluate the effect of Atorvastatin as an adjuvant with betamethasone valerate on disease severity and cardiovascular risks in chronic plaque type psoriatic patients.Methods:It is an interventional study conducted in Pharmacology Department of BMSI, JPMC with the collaboration of Dermatology Department of JPMC, Karachi. The duration of study was from June 2013 to June 2016. Seventy five psoriatic patients were prescribed Tablet Atorvastatin 40-20 mg/day (40mg for first three months twice daily followed by 20mg once daily for the next three month) plus topical Betamethasone Valerate 0.1% once daily for 6 months (three week apply than one week interval). The efficacy and safety profile of drugs was measured by PASI, DLQI, hsCRP, LFTS and Lipid profile.Results:The percentage change of PASI is 86.749±0.547, DLQI is 82.697±.2.61 and hsCRP is 40.371±8.505, which showed highly significant improvement in patient at the end of last follow up. LFTs and CPK for safety profile of therapy showed non-significant results.Conclusion:Atorvastatin used as an adjuvant therapy with currently existing standard therapy (topical betamethasone) in patients having mild to moderate plaque type psoriasis reduces disease severity and cardiovascular risks.

ABSTRACT… Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is very common disease; the oral hypoglycemic drugs are utilized for diabetes. In Asia therapeutic plants are extensively used for cure of widespread variation of illnesses. Objectives: To study the Therapeutic effect of mango seed extract on diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: A prospective study and longitude. Setting: This study was conducted at Jinnah Post graduate Center, Karachi. Period: From June 2016 to June 2017. Material and Methods: Mango seeds were taken out with ethanol and used for study. The antidiabetic action of mango seeds extracts were well-thought-out at 100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt. The antidiabetic effect of mango seeds extracts were matched with tolbutamide 500 mg/ kg b.wt. Result: The ethanolic extract of mango seeds (200 mg/kg) revealed major (p< 0.01) hypoglycemic outcome in fasted diabetic rats, when matched with normal control group. The mango seed extracts were significantly increased insulin level and decreased HbA1c levels at the dose level (100, 200 mg/kg) in alloxone encouraged diabetic rats. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of mango seeds ensuring important antidabatic outcome compared to aloxone tempted diabetes in albino rats and its stimulating insulin production in pancreas of albino rats.

Objectives: To assess the frequency of various histopathological types of testicular germ cell tumor in our study population. The prime identification of testicular germ cell tumor is important to prevent the advance stage of cancers. The present study was design to assess the frequency of different morphological types of testicular germ cell tumor which have a mirror effect on the treatment and prognosis of tumor. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of pathology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi. Period: 10 years period from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2015. Material and Methods: A 34 cases of testicular germ cell tumor were studied for morphological features using all properly formalin fixed, paraffin embedded surgical pathological testicular specimens received during the above period. All relevant clinical information was recorded on designed proformas. Section were taken and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Data entered and analysed through computer software SPSS version 21. Results: The result of study showed that the frequency of testicular germ cell tumor was 0.80% among all malignancy in male. Out of 36 cases of testicular tumor, 34 (94.5%) were germ cell tumors and remaining 02 (5.5%) cases were sex cord stromal tumor.  Among 34 cases of germ cell tumor 12 (35.2%) cases of mixed germ cell tumor found which was the most common between them, followed by seminoma 10 (29.4%) cases. However 05(14.7%) of yolk sac tumor, 04 (11.6%) of teratoma and 03(8.8%) of embryonal tumor were found. Conclusion: Results revealed that frequency of different types of testicular germ cell tumor in this study were in accordance to national and international studies. However the incidence of tumor varies noticeably in different geographical areas. Different pattern of seminomas and non – seminomas also may be emerging.

ABSTRACT… Psoriasis is immuno-inflammatory condition devouring huge negative impact on patient's life as compare to other diseases. Topical regimen is the standard treatment for mild to moderate psoriasis disease. The data of effectiveness of Betamethasone Valerate 0.1% on large number of psoriatic patients were being deficient. Objectives: This study evaluates the Topical Betamethasone Valerate 0.1%impact on patient's life in relation to efficacy and safety. Design: Interventional experimental study. Setting: Study was carried out Basic medical sciences institute (BMSI) alliance with Dermatology Department JPMC, Karachi. Period: June 2013 to June 2016. Methods: 75 chronic plaque type psoriatic patients prescribed Betamethasone Valerate (0.1%) topically along with placebo for 6 months once daily (one week interval after three week application). The therapeutic effectiveness and safety of studied drug were assessed by means of PASI, DLQI and hsCRP. The results analyzed by using repeated ANOVA. Results: Results revealed when camparasion of all parametres with base line they were significantly reduced as mean percentage change were 75.001±0.0563, 72.215±3.17and 33.692±7.980 for PASI, DLQI and hsCRP respectively at the end of study. Safety profile of therapy showed non-significant outcomes. Conclusion: Betamethasone valerate 0.1% is better treatment option in mild to moderate psoriatic patients to improve quality of life and decrease disease severity.