No abstract

There has been relatively little research that examines the relationship between the external environment and their consequences on the organizational performance of e-business in developing countries. This research represents an attempt to do so from the Malaysian e-business perspectives. This research examines the relationships between entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance and on the role of the external environment as a moderator between the relationships. The consideration of putting moderator factors in this research allows more precise descriptions of the relationship between the two variables mentioned and the outcome of the research. This study was grounded by Resource-Based View theory as the underlying basis. This study adopted a quantitative approach where 400 questionnaires were distributed to the target population and 381 were returned. Structural Equation Modelling was performed on the quantitative data using SMART PLS 3.0. The quantitative findings indicated that entrepreneurial orientation variables of innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy have significant effects on financial and non-financial organizational performance. However, the moderating effect of the external environment on the relationship was found not significant. This study concluded that entrepreneurial orientation and the external environment are vital to promoting the organizational performance of e-business in Malaysia. These findings able to serve as a guideline for e-business owners or founders to improve their organizational performance thus compete in the digital sphere.

The aim of this paper is to conduct a preliminary analysis and Data screening with relation to the effect of Attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, on the entrepreneurial Intentions of Nigerian Postgraduates. 240 Master and PhD candidates were surveyed from Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) and the study utilized the convenience sampling method, which result to 156 respondents. The study was equally conducted to suit the multivariate analysis assumptions. Using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 20, the univariate and multivariate outliers are checked and treated, the check for missing Data was performed, so also the kurtosis and skewness, factor analysis and the reliability test of the cronbach coefficient alpha. The data was finally ready for the multivariate analysis as it fulfilled the necessary assumptions for that. The findings are therefore important to the study and that of other researchers whom will benefit from the literature to conduct data screening and preliminary analysis.

-The effect of emotional design and online customer review on customer repeat purchase intention in online stores D S Dewi, A Sudiarno, H Saputra et al. Internet. This paper aims to explore the factors such as social influences, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivations, perceived risk and perceived trust that influence the consumer intention to purchase grocery online. Questionnaires will be the main instrument of the study and they will be distributed to target respondents using Internet survey. Respondents of the study will be selected using convenience sampling. After data collection, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) will be employed for data analysis. Overall, the result of the study is important to retailers to identify the important factors in increasing their customers" intention to purchase grocery online.

Despite the fierce competition in the business environment, firms accept relatively low innovative solutions in their daily activities and consequently lose competitive advantage, experience creeping growth at a snail's pace directly associated with the firm's inadequate finance and eventual collapse. This study examined the interrelationship between access to finance, innovation, and competitive advantage. Premised on the study findings, results revealed that innovation is an all-important strategy that differentiates the products and services of business firms and consequently sustaining competitive advantage. The results suggest that adequate financing can be a mechanism by which innovation and competitive advantage positively relate to increased performance. The strength between these variables would be heightened as access to finance increased. It was further established that firms with encouraging innovative culture would gain rare core competencies and maintain the position of the market leader while sustaining competitive advantage. Based on these findings, the study recommends that business firms conduct market surveys to determine the need of current and prospective customers. Management should prioritize, invest heavily in research and development, and the government should strive to provide adequate financial support, infrastructural facilities, and incentives for business operations.