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Occurrence and Antibiogram of enteric bacterial isolates from stool samples of gastroenteritis children under 5 years of age in district Faisalabad, Pakistan. AbstractAcute gastroenteritis is accompanied by severe bloody diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome and acute renal impairment. It is one of leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, worldwide. Annually, acute gastroenteritis is associated with 2 million deaths in children under 5 years of age. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility profiling of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from stool samples of gastroenteritis patients. A total of 200 stool samples were collected from DHQ hospital Faisalabad followed by enrichment in Selenite F and nutrient broth media. Post 24 hours incubation at 37 o C, cultures were streaked on various selective and differential media. Bacterial isolates were first identified by morphological and microscopic examination and then confirmed by biochemical tests. Isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotic sensitivity by Kirby's Bauer disc diffusion method. Our results indicated the presence of three major bacterial isolates with Escherichia coli (E. coli) showing highest prevalence rate (78%), followed by Salmonella Typhi (55%) and Shigella dysenteriae (36%). E. coli was most sensitive (80%) to enrofloxacin and least sensitive to ciprofloxacin (10%). S. Typhi isolates were also most sensitive to enrofloxacin (80%), while most resistant to cefotaxime (90%). About 95% of Shigella dysentriae isolates were resistant to amoxicillin (95%), while highest sensitivity (80%) was found against ofloxacin. E.coli was the most prevalent bacteria in enteritis patients. Results of antibiotic sensitivity suggest combination antibiotic therapy (enrofloxacin+ ofloxacin) should be prescribed to treat enteritis infections in children. These findings will be helpful in diagnosing and determining the course of antibiotic therapy to treat children with gastroenteritis.