Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Helicobacter pullorum (H. pullorum) are frequently reported pathogens in humans and poultry, respectively. Nevertheless, the source of H. pylori is still unclear. This study aimed to detect Helicobacter spp. in chicken carcasses and to assess the antibiogram and the virulence genes of Helicobacter isolates. Three hundred chicken meat samples (100 each of chicken breast, liver, and gizzard), besides 60 swab samples from chicken processing surfaces, were collected from retail shops in Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt, and examined for the prevalence of H. pylori and H. pullorum. The 16S rRNA of three H. pylori and two H. pullorum isolates were sequenced to determine the genetic relationship between these two Helicobacter spp. Of the 300 chicken samples tested, 16 (5.33%) and 14 (4.67%) were positive for H. pylori and H. pullorum, respectively. Multiplex PCR revealed that the virulence genes vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA)s1, cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA), and restriction endonuclease-replacing gene A (hrgA) were detected in 66.7%, 77.8%, and 100% of H. pylori strains tested, respectively. H. pylori showed the highest resistance for clarithromycin, while H. pullorum exhibited the highest resistance towards erythromycin and ciprofloxacin. The study concluded that the chicken meat and giblets are potential sources of the virulent and antimicrobial-resistant strains of H. pylori of human origin.
This research was undertaken in order to determine the impact of nutritional vitamin E on genetic expression of Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as proinflammatory and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) as anti-inflammatory cytokines in spleen and liver, hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers (HI titers) against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), total protein, albumin, globulin, and growth efficiency of broiler chickens. Seventy-two one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks had been allocated randomly into two groups. Each group has 3 replicates, each with 12 chicks. The first group was given basal diet (Control). The second group was fed the basal diet with vitamin E (100 mg/kg diet). The obtained results revealed that dietary supplementation of vitamin E significantly (P< 0.05) increased growth efficiency, total protein, albumin, globulin, and the antibody titers to NDV compared to the control. Dietary supplementation of vitamin E significantly (P< 0.05) decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines in spleen and liver. In Conclusions: vitamin E supplementation (100 mg/kg diet) can enhance growth efficiency, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and humoral immunity, down-regulate pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines gene expression in broiler chickens.
The main objectives of this work was to study the effect of glycerol induced acute renal injury on Glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) and klotho gene expression which used as early indicator for acute renal failure. Twelve male albino rats divided into two groups were included in this study. Blood samples were taken for assessment of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Kidney tissue specimens were processed for mRNA gene expression study of Glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) and klotho genes by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The creatinine and blood urea nitrogen significantly increased (4.97± 0.75 and 242.03 ± 41.93) compared with control group (0.67 ± 0 .06 and 24.43 ± 2.18). Moreover, the renal Glutathione peroxidase-1 and klotho gene expression was found to be decreased in the glycerol treated group (affected group), to 0.899 and 0.91fold. Also a correlation between gene expression of Glutathione peroxidase-1and klotho gene with the level of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen was detected.
This research was carried out to evaluate the difference in the mRNA genetic expression of the liver genes as adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), cytochrome oxidase subunit III (COX III), Insulin like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBp2) and Avian uncoupling protein (Av UCP), as well as growth performance include (body weight and body weight gain ) between Cobb broilers and Fayoumi native breeds. 120 females of one-day-old Cobb and Fayoumi chicks had been used. Chicks were distributed equally in three replicates. the results showed that, expression of adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) had non-significant difference between cobb and Fayoumi (P > 0.05) but there was significant difference in COX III, IGFBp2 , Av UCP gene expressions and body weight, body weight gain between cobb and Fayoumi breeds.(P<.05). From the obtained results it could be concluded that, variations in the genetic expression levels of the mitochondrial genes (ANT, COX III, Av UCP) and growth-related gene (IGFBp2) related to differences in growth performance of chickens are good biomarkers for selection and improvement of growth traits in chickens.
Cobb
Fayoumi
Genetic expressionMitochondrial genes
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