Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and its complications are spreading with increased rate in Asian population especially in Pakistan. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to different micro vascular complications. Cataract is one of the complications of diabetes which may lead to lens degenerative changes and visual impairment. G6PD plays a vital role in preventive measurements from cataract development in normal population. Objectives: This Study was designed to estimate G6PD levels in diabetic without ocular manifestations & diabetic cataract population. Methodology: This cross sectional comparative study was done at the Department of Biochemistry LUMHS Jamshoro in collaboration with the Diabetic clinic, Institute of Ophthalmology & Diagnostic Research Laboratory LUMHS Jamshoro. 100 diagnosed subjects of diabetes were selected by Non-Probability type of sample technique with consent of subjects and they were divided in to two groups Group A as control 50 diabetic subjects with out ocular manifestation while Group B as case study group contain 50 subjects of diabetes with cataract. The fasting blood glucose level was estimated by Hexokinase Method while G6PD level was measured by kit method on SD Biosensor while HbA1c(% ) was estimated by TTAB methodology. The data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 21. Results: The mean level of G6PD in Group A was 15.63±2.45 u/Hb while in group B it was 9.01±3.11 u/G HB. This result finally concluded that there was significantly (<0.05) decline of G6PD diabetic cataract as compared with diabetic without cataract. Conclusion: This study concluded that there was significant decline in G6PD level in diabetic cataract. It is also concluded that the estimation of G6PD level in diabetic population will be beneficial to take early preventive measurements against diabetic vascular complications.

Aim: To determine the effects of vitamin E therapy in the management of dyslipidemia with combination of statin drugs and also to determine the efficacy of statin drugs with combination of vitamin E therapy. Methodology: This case control study was conducted at LUMHS Jamshoro. Total 200 patients of dyslipidemia with the age between 30 to 50 years were included with mentioned inclusion and exclusion criteria & aere divided in to two groups; control group who received only statin drugs for treatment of dyslipidemia and case control group who received station drugs along with Vitamin E 800 mgs in divided dose.The fasting blood glucose level was measured by glucose oxidase method while lipid profile parameters serum cholesterol, TG’s, Serum LDL levels were estimated byenzyme caloric method on Cobas auto analyzer (model c-111 ACN 435 GERMANY) while HbA1c% was estimated on microlab. The statistical analysis was done on SPSS version 21 by applying unpaired student t test and ANOVA. The p value less than 0.05 consider as significant. Results: Finally after treatment phase the Mean & SD value of serum cholesterol in control group was 209.13 ± 5.15 mg/dl while in case study group was 189.51 ± 6.11 mg/dl , serum TG’s levels in control group was 191.52 ± 7.83 mg/dl & case study group was 168.56 ± 7.81 mg/dl, serum LDL levels in control group was 120.44 ± 4.67 mg/dl & in case study group was 97.15 ± 5.76 mg/dl. All parameters of lipid profile significantly decline in case study group. Conclusion: This research concluded that there is strong positive impact of vitamin E along with statin therapy on the management of dyslipidemia and in prevention of cardiovascular complications. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Vitamin E, Statin Drugs.

Background: Proton Pump inhibitors (PPI) are widely used all over the world as therapeutic agents as well as prophylactic agent at different age groups for multiple gastrointestinal disorders etc. it inhibits the hydrogen potassium pump (H/K ATPase Pump). PPI interferes the calcium absorption and thus disturbs acid secretion which leads to decrease the calcium level in the body. Objective: The present design is to evaluate the effects of PPI on serum calcium level in rabbit model. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial/ Study on Rabbit Model. Place and Duration of Study: This experimental study was done at Department of Pharmacology Isra Medical University Hyderabad (November 2020 to March 2021 Material & Methods: A total 20 healthy male rabbits with weight between 1-2kg were included in this study. While female rabbits, ill rabbits and rabbits with weight less than 1kg were excluded from study. Ten rabbits were given omeprazole sachet of 20mg orally dissolve in water once a day and 10 rabbits were given sachet of esomeprazole of 20mg dissolve in water once a day upto 90 days regularly. At different levels of study blood samples were obtained from vein near ear of rabbits and samples were centrifuged for 10minutes to obtain the serum. Then serum was sent to Isra Diagnostic Laboratory for analysis of serum calcium levels of all samples at different levels of study. Results: Serum calcium levels of all rabbits were analyzed at three different levels of study, at zero level before starting of experiment, at level I after completion of one month of experiment and level II after the completion of three months of experiment. The normal serum calcium level in rabbits is 13-15mg/dl.8There was a significant decline in serum calcium level in Group A (Omeprazole Group), while in Group B (Esomeprazole Group) there was no significant relation between decreased serum calcium levels. Conclusion: The study concluded that there is significant relation of longterm usage of PPI on serum calcium level.

Background: Statin drugs are using all over the world for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. There is hypothesis that post menopausal women who used statin drugs long time can develop the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus because statin drugs inhibit the signal transduction of insulin by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation resulting in decrease secretion of insulin leads to hyperglycemia. The aim of this study to estimate the effects of statin drugs on blood glucose level and HbA!c% in post menopausal women. Methodology: This case comparative study was done at LUMHS Jamshoro. The sampling was done by Non Probability method. Total number of150 subjects were divided in 2 group’s i.e group A (Control group) & group B (Case study group). The fasting glucose level was measured by glucose oxidase method while HbA1c% & serum cholesterol levels were determined by Kit method by using auto analyzer. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS 21 by applying ANOVA test for multiple variants.  Results: The mean with S.D fasting blood glucose levels in control group was 78± 9.05   mg/dl while in case study group it was 134 ± 12.15mg/dl (p <0.05), HbA1c% levels in control group was 5.3 ± 1.1% while in case study group it was 7.4 ± 1.3% (p<0.05) and serum cholesterol in control group was 157± 9.75 mg/dl while in case study group it was 195 ± 8.78 mg/dl (p<0.05) was significantly (P<0.05). The glycemic index & fasting blood glucose levels significantly observed elevated in post menopausal women who were use statin drugs since last three years Conclusion: This study concluded that there was significant relation of statin drugs on increasing of blood glucose levels so they can induce the onset of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.