One of the most commented subjects currently in companies that are looking for excellence is certainly the Industry 4.0. A technological advance that if not implemented in a successful way can cause the loss of competitiveness and non-survival of the company, on the contrary can make it a reference in the current market. It is natural that with the advancement of any segment we have doubts regarding its approach. The purpose of this article is to describe the concepts, applications and maturity levels of Industry 4.0, as well as to clarify its degree of maturity in relation to industrial automation that is also part of this concept, but that did not emerge from it. It also presents the main enabling technologies that drive it, its relevance and interaction in the industry and examples of companies that in Brazil are already applying the concepts of the current revolution and the technologies that characterize it.