Asma adalah penyakit heterogen, yang ditandai dengan terjadinya inflamasi kronik saluran pernapasan. Salah satu faktor risiko asma yang berkaitan erat dengan kontrol asma adalah obesitas. Selain itu underweight juga terkait dengan fungsi paru yang menurun dan asma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan gambaran karakteristik tingkat kontrol penderita asma berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) di Poli Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional restrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medis pasien asma rawat jalan di Poli Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang antara 1 Januari sampai 31 Desember 2016 dan didapatkan sebanyak 63 data yang memenuhi kriteria sampel. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program komputer dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi dan frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien asma laki-laki (49,2%) dan perempuan (50,8%) hampir merata, sebagian besar berusia 40 – 60 tahun (47,6%), bekerja sebagai PNS (31,7%), memiliki IMT ≥ 23,0 (49,2%), dengan tingkat kontrol asma berupa asma terkontrol sebagian (61,9%), asma terkontrol penuh terbanyak ditemukan pada IMT normal (3,2%), asma tidak terkontrol terbanyak pada IMT normal (17,5%), dan asma terkontrol sebagian terbanyak pada IMT berat badan lebih & obes (31,7%).

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the cause of coronavirus disease 20019 (COVID19) pandemic which first emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan city, China. Currently, a vaccine is urgently needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Several vaccine candidates are under development and some are in the final stage of clinical trials. The COVID-19 vaccination aims to reduce morbidity and mortality rates, achieve herd immunity to prevent and protect the society, strengthen the health system, maintain productivity and minimize social and economic impacts. Before approval, vaccines have to undergo several clinical trials to ensure its safety profile, efficacy, duration of immune system resistance, and adverse effect. Various strategies have been used in the development of vaccines including viral vector vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, inactivated virus, live attenuated virus, subunit protein¸and virus-like particle vaccine. Each strategy has its own advantages and disadvantages.

AbstrakAsma adalah penyakit heterogen, yang ditandai dengan terjadinya inflamasi kronik saluran pernapasan. Salah satu faktor risiko asma yang berkaitan erat dengan kontrol asma adalah obesitas. Selain itu underweight juga terkait dengan fungsi paru yang menurun dan asma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan gambaran karakteristik tingkat kontrol penderita asma berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) di Poli Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional restrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medis pasien asma rawat jalan di Poli Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang antara 1 Januari sampai 31 Desember 2016 dan didapatkan sebanyak 63 data yang memenuhi kriteria sampel. Data diolah dengan menggunakan program komputer dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi dan frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien asma laki-laki (49,2%) dan perempuan (50,8%) hampir merata, sebagian besar berusia 40 -60 tahun (47,6%), bekerja sebagai PNS (31,7%), memiliki IMT ≥ 23,0 (49,2%), dengan tingkat kontrol asma berupa asma terkontrol sebagian (61,9%), asma terkontrol penuh terbanyak ditemukan pada IMT normal (3,2%), asma tidak terkontrol terbanyak pada IMT normal (17,5%), dan asma terkontrol sebagian terbanyak pada IMT berat badan lebih & obes (31,7%). Kata kunci: asma, indeks massa tubuh, tingkat kontrol asma AbstractAsthma is a heterogeneous disease, usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation. One of the asthma risk factors that is closely related to asthma control is obesity. Other than that underweight is also associated with decreased lung function and asthma. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristic of asthma control level based on body mass index in the pulmonary polyclinic RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in 2016. This observational descriprive study used medical records of patients with asthma who were the outpatient in the pulmonary polyclinic RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from 1 january until 31 December 2016 and obtained as many as 63 data that met the criterias. Data were processed using computer program and presented in the form of distribution tables and frequency.This study showed that male (49,2%) and female (50,8%) asthma patients are almost evenly distributed, mostly aged 40 -60 years (47,6%), work as civil servant (31,7%), has a body mass index ≥ 23,0 (49,2%), with the level of asthma control is partially controlled asthma (61,9%),fully controlled asthma mostly on normal IMT (3,2%), uncontrolled asthma mostly on normal IMT (17,5%), and partially controlled asthma most commonly found on overweight and obese (31,7%).

Background: COVID-19 has infected and spread over the whole earth. For the time being, there is no cure for COVID 19. Although several medications have the potential to be utilized at various stages of the disease, no therapy has yet been demonstrated to be completely successful. Aim: This study aims to determine survival of COVID-19 patients who received antiviral and antiviral therapy combined with anti-inflammation therapy in a national referral hospital Indonesia. Methods: COVID-19 patients treated at Dr. M Djamil General Hospital in Padang, Indonesia were the subject of an analytic investigation using a retrospective cohort design. From January to June 2021, data was gathered from patient medical records. Independent sample T test and Chi-square test were used to analyze subject characteristics data. The median survival and survival rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. It is also subjected to cox-regression analysis in order to answer the study hypothesis. Results: The mean age of the subjects who received antiviral and anti-inflammatory medication was 60.95 12.11 years, while the average age of those who received antiviral therapy was 56.72 17.80 years, with the highest sex being male in both groups (59.3 percent ; 50.6 percent ). Antiviral and antiviral medication, as well as anti-inflammatory therapy, had no effect on the length of stay of COVID-19 patients (p>0.05). Antiviral and antiviral therapy, as well as anti-inflammatory therapy, play a role in the outcome of COVID-19 patients (p<0.05), with patients receiving antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy being a preventive factor in the final outcome of patients compared to patients receiving antiviral therapy HR = 0.69 (95% CI 0.48-0.99). Conclusion: When compared to patients who just got antiviral medication, patients who received antiviral plus anti-inflammatory therapy had a better outcome.

AbstrakFungus Ball paru merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi pada Tuberkulosis (TB) paru dengan kavitas, terutama pada bekas TB paru. Agen penyebab selain Aspergilus sp yaitu Candida sp. Terapi definitif untuk penyakit ini adalah terapi bedah. Pada kondisi khusus dapat digunakan tatalaksana lainnya. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi 6 pasien Fungus Ball paru dengan riwayat obat anti tuberkulosis, dengan beberapa metode diagnosis dari tahun 2010 sampai 2013. Tatalaksana dan hasil pengobatan pasien dianalisis pada penelitian ini. Hemoptisis terdapat pada seluruh pasien dan tiga diantaranya dengan hemoptisis masif. Semua pasien memiliki gambaran yang khas untuk Fungus Ball paru dari radiologi toraks. Spesies jamur terkonfirmasi pada 5 pasien: pemeriksaan serologis (1), kultur jamur (2) dan pemeriksaan histopatologi (2). Spesies yang didapatkan adalah Aspergilosis sp = 3, Candida paraspilosis = 1 dan Candida sp = 1. Dua pasien mendapatkan terapi bedah dengan tidak adanya keluhan hemoptisis setelah itu. Empat pasien yang hanya mendapatkan anti jamur, ternyata 75% memberikan respon yang baik secara klinis dan radiologis.Kavitas yang menetap pada TB paru dan bekas TB paru, dapat menimbulkan insiden Fungus Ball paru yang membutuhkan lobektomi sebagai terapi definitif. Pada kondisi tertentu dimana terapi pembedahan tidak dapat dilakukan, anti jamur dapat menjadi terapi alternatif dan memberikan hasil yang baik. Kata kunci: fungus ball paru, tuberkulosis, terapi pembedahan , anti jamur AbstractPulmonary fungus ball is common complication from pulmonary tuberculosis with cavity, especially from sequele pulmonary tuberculosis. Etiologic agents not only Aspergilus sp but also Candida sp. Definitive treatment is surgical therapy. In special condition we can choose another treatment. We evaluated six pulmonary fungus ball patients with history of antituberculosis drugs, in several method of diagnosis from 2010 sampai 2013. We analyze the therapy and outcome from the patients. Hemoptysis presented in all patients and three of them got massive hemoptysis. All patients had specific appearance of pulmonary fungus ball radiologically. Fungus species confirmed in five patients: serologic examination (1), fungal culture (2), and histopathological examination (2). The species are Aspergilosis sp = 3, Candida parapsilosis = 1 and Candida sp = 1. Two of them got surgical therapy and there is no more complaint of hemoptysis. Those four who took anti fungal only, so three of them (75%) good responsive both clinically and radiologically. Preexisting cavity in pulmonary tuberculosis and former pulmonary tuberculosis, renounce the incident of pulmonary fungus ball which need lobectomy as definitive treatment. In condition where they can't perform surgical treatment, antifungal can be alternative treatment and gave good outcome.