Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogens worldwide with infections leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, a significant burden to human and veterinary clinical practices. The ability of S. aureus colonies to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces contributes further to its high antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates and persistence in both host and non-host environments, adding a major ecological dimension to the problem. While there is a lot of information on MRSA prevalence in humans, data about MRSA in animal populations is scarce, incomplete and dispersed. This project is an attempt to evaluate the current epidemiological status of MRSA in Portugal by making a single case study from a One Health perspective. We aim to determine the prevalence of MRSA in anthropogenic sources liable to contaminate different animal habitats. The results obtained will be compiled with existing data on antibiotic resistant staphylococci from Portugal in a user-friendly database, to generate a geographically detailed epidemiological output for surveillance of AMR in MRSA. To achieve this, we will first characterize AMR and genetic lineages of MRSA circulating in northern Portugal in hospital wastewaters, farms near hospitals, farm animals that contact with humans, and wild animals. This will indicate the extent of the AMR problem in the context of local and regional human-animal-environment interactions. MRSA strains will then be tested for their ability to form biofilms. The proteomes of the strains will be compared to better elucidate their AMR mechanisms. Proteomics data will be integrated with the genomic and transcriptomic data obtained. The vast amount of information expected from this omics approach will improve our understanding of AMR in MRSA biofilms, and help us identify new vaccine candidates and biomarkers for early diagnosis and innovative therapeutic strategies to tackle MRSA biofilm-associated infections and potentially other AMR superbugs.
Resumo: Uma educação de qualidade que permita sustentar o desenvolvimento de uma nação exige um corpo docente cada vez mais qualificado e capaz de se adaptar às mudanças de um mundo tecnológico, em particular de fazer um uso pedagógico da tecnologia disponível. A formação contínua tem assumido um papel cada vez mais importante no quadro das políticas internacionais na medida em que esta modalidade de formação se constitui como uma ferramenta de formação e atualização dos profissionais em exercício, capaz de influenciar de forma direta e a curto prazo, as práticas pedagógicas. O presente estudo é uma revisão da literatura realizada em torno do modelo TPACK - Conhecimento tecnológico pedagógico do conteúdo de Mishra e Koehler (2006). Este modelo assenta na ideia de que a integração das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) resulta de uma mistura complexa e balanceada de conhecimento de conteúdo, de conhecimento pedagógico e de conhecimento tecnológico, usados para desenvolver estratégias e representações das matérias de forma apropriada, contextualizada e orientada (MISHRA & KOEHLER, 2006). Através da pesquisa sistemática em bases de dados e repositórios procurou identificar-se quais os estudos que fazem referência a este modelo no âmbito da formação contínua de professores em diferentes países: Portugal, Brasil e Espanha. Os resultados permitiram elencar semelhanças e diferenças nos países estudados mas, sobretudo, apontar as principais tendências investigativas e práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas ou em desenvolvimento nos três países que representam desafios e oportunidades para todos. Palavras-chave: TPACK; Formação Contínua de Professores; Tendências investigativas; Práticas Pedagógicas. RETOS Y OPORTUNIDADES DEL USO DE LA TECNOLOGÍA EN EL DESARROLLO PROFESIONAL DEL PROFESORADO: REVISIÓN SOBRE TPACK EN PORTUGAL, BRASIL Y ESPAÑA Resumen: Una educación de calidad que permita apoyar el desarrollo de una nación requiere un profesorado cada vez más cualificado y capaz de adaptarse a los cambios en un mundo tecnológico, en particular, para hacer un uso pedagógico de la tecnología disponible. El desarrollo profesional ha asumido un papel cada vez más importante en el marco de las políticas internacionales en la medida en que este tipo de formación contínua se constituye como una herramienta de formación y actualización de los profesionales en ejercicio capaz de influir directamente a corto plazo en las prácticas pedagógicas. Este estudio es una revisión de la literatura realizada en torno al modelo TPACK -Conocimiento tecnológico y pedagógico del contenido- de Mishra y Koehler (2006). Este modelo se basa en la idea de que la integración de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) resulta de una mezcla compleja y equilibrada de conocimiento de contenido, conocimiento pedagógico y conocimiento tecnológico, utilizados para desarrollar estrategias y representaciones de las materias de forma apropiada, contextualizada y específica (MISHRA & KOEHLER, 2006). A través de una investigación sistemática en bases de datos y repositorios se identifican los estudios que hacen referencia a este modelo en el ámbito del desarrollo profesional del profesorado en diferentes países: Portugal, Brasil y España. Los resultados permiten hallar similitudes y diferencias en los países estudiados, pero sobre todo señalan las principales tendencias en la investigación y prácticas pedagógicas desarrolladas o en desarrollo en los tres países, que plantean desafíos y oportunidades para todos. Palabras clave: TPACK; Desarrollo Profesional del Profesorado; Tendencias de Investigación; Prácticas Pedagógicas.
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge for health systems worldwide. The increased demand for investment in hospitals has become one of the greatest financial vulnerabilities, and in this context, the manager’s involvement in decision-making is associated with better analysis in order to achieve better results. This article aims to define a model to outline the manager profile in private hospitals, as well as the process and the relationship with investment decision-making, so as to guide future work to improve institutions’ performance and ensure the sustainability of patient care processes and the use of resources. Semi-structured interviews were held with an administrative (or financial) director in Brazil, Canada and Portugal and analyzed by the conventional content analysis method and coded, using NVivo 11, identifying the main topics. A model for investment decision-making is proposed to improve resource allocation and performance. The results indicate, for multidisciplinary training, where managers contribute to an efficient use of resources and contribute to the maintenance of quality of care, including about investment and financing of hospitals, where performance analysis reflects on decision-making.
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