Objectives:Previous studies reported that proliferation and differentiation of stem cell are influenced by free radicals. Therefore, we conducted an investigation to know whether antioxidants, to our current interest, extract of Curcuma longa L. (ECL) and (-)-Epigallo catechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are playing role in differentiation and proliferation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs). Materials and Methods: ECL and AD-MSCs were prepared. Inhibitory concentration-median (IC-50 ) of ECL and EGCG were measured based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. To examine the effect of ECL and EGCG on proliferation and differentiation of AD-MSCs, ECL and EGCG in various concentrations were applied in culture of AD-MSCs for different period of time. Cell number was counted by trypan blue exclusion method. Differentiation of AD-MSCs into endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) was analyzed based on following surface markers: cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34), CD133 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with flow cytometer. Results: IC 50 of ECL and EGCG on DPPH scaven ing activity were 7.61 and 0.42 μg/mL, respectively. The highest proliferation rates were achieved by induction of ECL in concentrations of 1 g/mL, while induction of EGCG in concentration of 0.25 g/mL. ECL and EGCG enhanced differentiation of AD-MSCs into EPCs, marked by increasing expression of CD34, CD133 and VEGFR-2 at 4 incubation days. Conclusions: Our current results suggested that ECL and EGCG as antioxidant could enhance proliferation of AD-MSCs and differentiation of AD-MSCs into EPCs.

Nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) is involved in the promotion of cell survival in a variety of cell types. The present study focused on the role of NF‐κB in TNFα‐induced apoptosis in an ameloblastoma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed p65 NF‐κB protein to be expressed in ameloblastoma tissues. Furthermore, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry analyses showed that the stimulation of TNFα in an ameloblastoma cell line (AM‐1) induced p65 NF‐κB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, indicating NF‐κB activation. These findings were confirmed by an NF‐κB luciferase reporter assay, which detected enhanced NF‐κB transcription activity of AM‐1 cells by TNFα stimulation. Moreover, pretreatment with SN50, a nuclear translocation inhibitor, prior to TNFα stimulation, effectively inhibited TNFα‐induced NF‐κB activation in AM‐1 cells. In order to reveal the role of NF‐κB activation during TNFα‐induced apoptosis in AM‐1 cells, an apoptosis assay was performed, and showed that the potential of TNFα in inducing apoptosis in AM‐1 cells was significantly elevated by inhibiting the NF‐κB activation. These results suggest that NF‐κB plays an anti‐apoptotic role in TNFα‐induced apoptosis in AM‐1 cells.

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut berkaitan erat dengan kesehatan tubuh. Keadaan mulut dan gigi yang tidak terawat akan menimbulkan banyak masalah serta rasa tidak nyaman. Dalam usaha mendapatkan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang baik, dibutuhkan kesadaran untuk menerapkan pola hidup sehat dengan rajin menyikat gigi secara tepat dan benar. Pembiasaan untuk hidup sehat perlu dilakukan dengan penuh kesadaran sehingga dapat terlaksana dengan efektif. Tujuan pelaksanaan aktivitas ini adalah untuk membangun kesadaran dini anak-anak usia 4-6 tahun di Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak (RPTRA) Jakarta Barat, yaitu daerah Tegal Alur, dalam menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode yang digunakan berupa penyuluhan dengan alat peraga dan praktik sikat gigi bersama dengan benar, serta dilakukan pengawasan agar anak-anak dapat memahami dan membiasakan diri untuk menyikat gigi dengan benar. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan kegiatan ini ditandai dengan kemampuan anak-anak untuk menyikat gigi secara mandiri dengan cara yang benar dan bertambahnya pengetahuan tentang pentingnya menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut sejak usia dini, sehingga kerusakan gigi dapat dicegah.

Stem cells have an important role in cell biology, allowing tissues to be renewed by freshly created cells throughout their lifetime. The specific micro-environment of stem cells is called stem cell niche; this environment influences the development of stem cells from quiescence through stages of differentiation. Recent advance researches have improved the understanding of the cellular and molecular components of the micro-environment--or niche--that regulates stem cells. We point out an important trend to the study of niche activity in breast cancers. Breast cancer has long been known to conserve a heterogeneous population of cells. While the majority of cells that make up tumors are destined to differentiate and eventually stop dividing, only minority populations of cells, termed cancer stem cell, possess extensive self renewal capability. These cancer stem cells possess characteristics of both stem cells and cancer cells. Breast cancer stem cells reversal to breast somatic stem cells offer a new therapy, that not only can stop the spread of breast cancer cells, but also can differentiate breast cancer stem cells into normal breast somatic stem cells. These can replace damaged breast tissue. Nevertheless, the complexity of realizing this therapy approach needs further research.