The development of information technology has encouraged farmers to be able to use cellular phones to support agricultural activities. However, only a few farmers use their cellphones for marketing activities. This study aims to analysis factors influence farmers to use cell phones in marketing activities, and whether cell phone use has an impact on farmers' welfare. The analytical method used is the logit regression model and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). The results showed that what influenced farmers' decisions to use cellular phones for marketing activities were gender, marital status, number of adult household members, education, land ownership status, land area, and counseling. Meanwhile, the impact of the use of cellular telephones, shows that the average farm farmers receive higher treatment compared to the control farmers group.

ABSTRAKPermintaan minyak atsiri Indonesia dalam satu dekade terakhir, menunjukkan tren yang positifdalam memenuhi pasar global. Namun demikian, upaya untuk meningkatkan daya saing produkminyak atsiri mengalami fluktuatif. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untukmenganalisis posisi daya saing dan tingkat persaingan minyak atsiri Indonesia di pasar global.Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan RCA Dinamis dan analisis korelasi rankspearman, analisis menggunakan data time series (2001-2015). Sepanjang periode 2001-2015Indonesia memiliki daya saing, cenderung memiliki tren positif bila dibandingkan dengan sembilannegara eksportir utama lainnya. Hasil RCA Dinamis menunjukkan bahwa produk minyak AtsiriIndonesia periode 2001-2005 masuk kategori leading retreat, sedangkan periode 2005-2010 dan2011-2015 masuk kategori rising star, yakni produk yang memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkanmenjadi komoditas unggulan ekspor Indonesia. Namun demikian korelasi rank spearmanmenunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara daya saing minyak atsiri Indonesiadengan sembilan negara eksportir utama lainnya.Kata kunci: daya saing, minyak atsiri, pasar globalABSTRACTIndonesian essential oil demand in the last decade, showed a positive trend in global markets.However, efforts to improve product competitiveness experienced volatile essential oil. This studyaimed to analyze the competitive position and the level of competition Indonesian essential oil in theglobal market. The analytical method used is the Dynamic RCA approach and Spearman rankcorrelation analysis, analysis of data using time series (2001-2015). Throughout the 2001-2015periods Indonesia has a competitive advantage, tend to have a positive trend when compared withnine other major exporting countries. Dynamic RCA results showed that the essential oils productsIndonesia 2001-2005 period were leading retreat categories, while the period of 2005-2010 and2011-2015 in the category of Rising Star, which is a product that has the potential to be developedinto the leading commodity exports of Indonesia. However, Spearman rank correlation showed thatno significant relationship between the competitiveness of Indonesian essential oil with nine othermajor exporting countries.Keywords: competitiveness, essential oil, global market

ABSTRAK Anggaran di sektor pertanian menunjukkan kenaikan yang relatif signifikan tahun 2004-2014, namun demikian peningkatan anggaran ini tidak diikuti dengan adanya perbaikan yang mendasar terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan petani. Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) sebagai indikator kesejahteraan petani menunjukkan bahwa kesejahteraan petani hanya berada pada kisaran 105. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peranan dari pembiayaan di sektor pertanian terhadap kesejahteraan petani. Data yang digunakan ini adalah data sekunder periode tahun 2004-2014 (month to month) dan metode analisis menggunakan regresi berganda dengan pendekatan ordinary least square (OLS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan pertanian memiliki peran untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani, adapun komponen pembiayaan yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan petani tersebut adalah kredit, subsidi pupuk, subsidi benih, dan PMA, sedangkan PMDN tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Kata kunci: Pembiayaan Pertaian, Kesejahteran Petani, NTP ABSTRACT Budget in the agricultural sector showed a significant relative increase in the period 2004-2014, however, the budget increase is not accompanied by an improvement in fundamental to improving the welfare of farmers. Term of trade of farmers (NTP) as an indicator of the welfare of farmers indicate that the welfare only in the range of 105. Therefore, the aimed of study to analyze the role of finance in the agricultural sector to the welfare of farmers. The data used are secondary data in the 2004-2014 periods (month to month), and analytical methods used are multiple regression with ordinary least square (OLS) approach. The results of this study indicate that agricultural financing has a role to improve the welfare of farmers, while the financial component that affects the welfare of farmers is a credit, fertilizer subsidies, seed subsidies, and FDI, whereas no significant effect on domestic investment. Keywords: Financing of Agriculture, Farmers Welfare, NTP

The development of information technology has encouraged farmers to be able to use cellular phones to support agricultural activities. However, only a few farmers use their cellphones for marketing activities. This study aims to analysis factors influence farmers to use cell phones in marketing activities, and whether cell phone use has an impact on farmers' welfare. The analytical method used is the logit regression model and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). The results showed that what influenced farmers' decisions to use cellular phones for marketing activities were gender, marital status, number of adult household members, education, land ownership status, land area, and counseling. Meanwhile, the impact of the use of cellular telephones, shows that the average farm farmers receive higher treatment compared to the control farmers group.

<em>Up to present, the dairy farmers only able to meet 25-30 percent of all milk demand in Indonesia, although milk and its derivatives continues to increase steadily. This condition occurs due to low milk productivity, small-scale dairy farm unit, inadequate government policies as well as economic globalization. The objectives of this study are, first, to measure the competitiveness of the small-scale dairy farm. Second, to evaluate the impact of government policies. Third, lastly, to analyse the implication of price changes on input-output. A Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) for data is applied. The results show that, first, the small-scale dairy farms operate in competitiveness. Second, so far government policies did not provide adequate incentives and directly promote the dairy farms’ competitiveness. Third, high import tariff (15 percent) could significantly protect the competitiveness of the small-scale dairy farms.</em>