sources, herbarium work, and the author´s own observations, 41 taxa belonging to 12 genera and 37 species; four at level of genus were recognized. 461 records indicated that Lantana camara, Verbena carolina, Phyla scaberrima, and Lippia graveolens are the most cited species. 198 popular names were recognized, being Lantana camara the species with the highest number of denominations. The knowledge of the medicinal use of Verbenaceae comes mainly from researches carried out in the central area of the country. Recorded pathologies were organized in 16 categories; illness of the digestive system are emphasized, female reproductive system, skeletal muscle system, and culture-bound syndromes. This is supported by the similarity analysis concentrating in a large set to 92% of the species to treat diseases of the digestive system and include in this set to other groups of species related to system and diseases mentioned. Phenetic analysis also separates two other sets of species to treat skin diseases and urinary tract. Only six species are in the process of being included in the Herbal Pharmacopoeia of the United Mexican States (FHEUM). This information will be useful for other species Verbenaceae are incorporated into the Mexican Herbal Pharmacopoeia.

The hybridization phenomenon is recognized as an important evolutionary force that influences the diversification and evolution of different vascular plant groups. Hence, it is important to identify hybrid individuals. In Mexico, the dry tropical forest (DTF) is considered as the main center of diversification and endemism of the Bursera genus, containing 85% of the approximately 106 described species worldwide. In the Mexican DTF, a complex of Bursera species was identified, which is formed by two putative parental species Bursera bicolor (Will. ex Schltdl.) Engl. and B. glabrifolia (H.B.K) Engl. Their putative hybrids were analyzed using molecular (cpSSR) and chemical markers (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and triterpenes) in two pure sites (one site for each parental species) and two hybrid zones. We tested whether individuals with atypical morphology between B. bicolor and B. glabrifolia from sympatric sites were the result of genetic flow between these two species. A total of 80 individuals were analyzed with 4 microsatellite diagnostic primers and 37 secondary metabolites (SMs). The genetic and chemical markers were highly coincident according to the statistical analyses performed, and they supported the hybridization hypothesis in this Bursera complex, with both species remaining distinct even in sympatric zones. α-Amyrin (b), β-amyrin (a), and β-amyrin (b) (triterpenes) were the SMs that most contributed to differentiating putative parental species according to SIMPER analysis. The putative hybrids registered the highest genetic diversity values along with the highest number of SMs, out of which 11 were novel and distributed as follows: triterpenes > monoterpenes > sesquiterpenes. Finally, the chemical markers of the three analyzed families give a framework for future studies to explore hybridization events between Bursera species.