Indonesia is a highly religious country, and is therefore a fertile ground for studies on religiousness. There are six religions that are endorsed by the government. Therefore, a well validated scale that can be used on those six religions are a necessity. Unfortunately, only a few studies have verified the factorial structure of such scale. The Four Basic Dimensions of Religiousness (4-BDRS), a new multidimensional scale, shows a factorial structure that has been confirmed in several countries across different religions. The current study aimed to confirm the factorial structure of 4-BDRS and its measurement invariance across genders among Muslim and Christian college students in Indonesia (two major religions in Indonesia). Data were collected from 949 college students from nine universities in the Jakarta Metropolitan area. A confirmatory factor analysis supported the four factors model of the 4-BDRS in the Indonesian context. The result of measurement invariance shows that there are configural, metric, and scalar invariances. Gender comparison showed that Muslim males had higher scores on all four dimensions of religiousness compared with females, while for Christians, there were no gender differences. The 4BDRS appears to be a valid scale to measure religiousness among Muslims and Christians in Indonesia.

<p>The number of work accidents in production employees is high. One reason is the lack of compliance of employees with workplace safety rules. The necessary aspects that can improve workplace safety are safety climate and safety motivation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of safety climate on safety behavior both directly and indirectly mediated by safety motivation. Three scales were used in this study, namely the safety behavior scale, the safety climate scale, and the safety motivation scale. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients were 0.898, 0.922, and 0.896. The respondents were 78 employees in the production, processing, and quality assurance section. Data were analyzed using regression analysis. The result showed the direct effect (β = 0.272) and the indirect effect of safety climate on safety behavior (β = 0.281). The effect of climate safety on safety behavior was partially mediated by safety motivation.</p>

Procrastination can occur to university students especially in finishing final papers. Procrastination is a behavior detrimental to oneself and others that associate with lack of ability to manage themselves. The ability of self-management is part of how someone judges and values every actions and that involve spiritual intelligence. This study examines the relationship between spiritual intelligence and procrastination behavior of students who do the final paper. This research involved 62 students at the Universitas Pelita Harapan Surabaya. Spiritual intelligence scale and procrastination scale were used to collect the data. Results show there is a significant negative correlation between spiritual intelligence and procrastination (r =-0.307, p = 0.008, p <0.01). The higher spiritual intelligence level, the lower procrastination behavior will be and vice versa. Spiritual intelligence would lead someone to decide on appropriate actions and think about the consequences of his/her actions. Students who have high spiritual intelligence would tend to avoid procrastination behavior that disserving themselves and others.

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Exercising at a fitness center is one of the methods to obtain an ideal body shape.The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were differences in body dissatisfactions based on the type of exercise motivation. Participants were 100 male members of a fitness center who exercise at least twice a week for at least one hour per session. Measures used were body dissatisfaction questionnaire (Tylka, Bergeron, & Schwartz, 2005) and exercise motivation questionnaire by Markland and Tobin (cited in Vlachopoulos, 2012). Results showed a difference in body dissatisfaction between men with internal exercise motivation and those with external exercise motivation (Z = - 3.142, p < .05). Men who engaged exercises as driven by external exercise motivation had higher body dissatisfaction than those with internal motivation. This indicates that men with external exercise motivation were more dissatisfied with their body image, who were more likely to quit exercising if they did not obtain the expected result, or else they became obsessive with exercises because they was dissatisfied with their figures.