This study aimed to answer problems related to: 1) How is the implication of the Government Administrative Law on the functions of the State Administrative Court (PTUN), does the existence of the Administrative Law weaken or strengthen the functions of PTUN as an oversight body? 2) Are there any needs to reinforce the functions of PTUN as the absolute competences of PTUN are increasing after the Administrative Court of the Government is applicable? This study was a normative legal research by analyzing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials using qualitative juridical approach. This research concludes that: 1) An increasing absolute competence of PTUN might weaken or strengthen the functions of PTUN, depending on the integrity of human resources, including judges; and 2) There is a need to strengthen the functions of PTUN as the absolute competence of PTUN is increasing based on the Administrative Law of Government by: a) immediately amending the Administrative Law in accordance with the Administration Law of Government and increasing the force to execute decisions by establishing an executive body to execute PTUN decisions; b) increasing the independence of PTUN judges in examining, deciding and resolving any disputes or petitions.
A sustainable agri-food supply chain becomes a utopia when transportation policy has no support to develop a sustainable mechanism. This study conducts a literature review to understand the footprint of a sustainable agri-food supply chain based on robust transportation policy and modelling for optimizing efficiency and customer satisfaction. This study relies on the relevant search term and reference source selection with the keyword “transportation policy” and “sustainable agri-food value chain” between 2016-2020. Literature sources identified with online databases from Google Scholars, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, and other online resources that affordable by Google search engine. Based on 52 manuscripts that were studied in-line with the research context, we find the empirical study tends to conclude that the transportation policy is a critical part of developing a sustainable agri-food supply chain besides the internal process in the agri-food producer. Transportation issues focus on routing problems and acceptable government policy. Simultaneously, the agri-food company’s internal process emphasized lead-time production and distribution, achieve the ultimate goals reducing logistics cost, zero waste production process, and customer satisfaction.
Based on the Law on Administrative Court, the Administrative Court has the competence to examine and decide upon a dispute whose object is a fictive-negative decision (KTUN)
The role of the state in carrying out educational development and in order to fulfill the right to education, especially primary and secondary education in border areas must be further enhanced. The state must be present among school-age children in border areas by manifesting itself in the form of appropriate and representative school buildings. The state must exist in the form of adequate educational support facilities. The state must be present in the form of teachers and education personnel who are sufficient in number and have competence. The state must be present in the form of budget politics that supports education development in border areas. The state must also be present in a curriculum that suits the needs of school-age children in border areas as well as enhances their national insight.
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