Nutrition is often used by cancer survivors as a lever to take charge of their own health. However, some dietary behaviors are not currently recommended for patients without medical supervision. Our study aimed at evaluating weight-loss restrictive diets and fasting practices among cancer survivors of the NutriNet-Santé cohort, as well as related socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. In October 2016, 2,741 cancer survivors had completed a specific questionnaire about their practices. Fasting and non-fasting patients (respectively dieting and non-dieting) were compared using logistic regression models. Analyses were weighted according to the age, gender, and cancer location distribution of French cancer cases. 13.8% had already practiced weight-loss restrictive diet as their diagnosis. They were more likely to be women, professionally active, overweight/obese, to use dietary supplements and to have breast cancer (all p < 0.05). 6.0% had already fasted, 3.5% as their diagnosis. They were more likely to be younger, with higher educational level, higher incomes, professionally active, to have a healthy weight, and to use dietary supplements (all p < 0.05). Fasting was associated with the opinion that such practice could improve cancer prognosis (p < 0.0001). Patients who received nutritional information from health care professionals were less likely to practice fasting or weight-loss restrictive diet (0.42[0.27-0.66], p < 0.0001 and 0.49[0.38-0.64], p < 0.0001 respectively). Our study provided original results suggesting that weight-loss restrictive diets are widely practiced by cancer survivors. Fasting was less common in our study though non negligible. Sources of nutritional information received as cancer diagnosis seemed to be a key determinant of these practices.

By 2017, French higher education had undergone a dramatic restructuration following the Bologna process twenty years earlier which impact all the European universities (Rüegg, 2010), and the implementation of the French LRU in 2007(Stavrou, 2017. Some studies examined this new model's effect on university academics through international or european comparative approaches (Musselin, 2008 ; Tiechler, Höhle, 2013). A decade after the French LRU, our particular focus concerns the activity of women with children like in others organizations (Bercot, 2014). The associate professors have to overcome in a very competitive context where the time management is a real challenge as the 3 coordinators at different levels in the faculty point it out. At first, an extensive survey (1409 returned questionnaires) shows that women are significantly more concern than men by these contraints. Then, in a qualitative approach, some 28 biographical interviews identify the different strategies women find.

Coaches and scientists share a preoccupation with understanding athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate coaches' practical knowledge about forward ice hockey skating with reference to the biomechanical research findings in order to improve understanding of the skating task and encourage the design of more representative research. For this purpose, 10 expert ice hockey coaches were interviewed. Semistructured interviews were transcribed and meanings units were selected and grouped to build the main categories after verbatim analysis. The qualitative analysis revealed that the coaches detailed forward skating based on three categories: posture, lower limb kinematics, and arm movements. They used performance indicators to specify their practical knowledge. These indicators were generally consistent with recent biomechanical research and when the coaches held different opinions, they expressed intuitive ideas that often suggested new research perspectives. This study illustrates how the interaction of scientists and coaches, via their respective knowledge, can supply new research perspectives.

Cet article interroge la mise en oeuvre des démarches de prévention des risques cancérogènes, mutagènes et reprotoxiques (CMR) dans la région Haute-Normandie. L’accent sera mis ici sur les enjeux de formation des représentants syndicaux pour participer de manière active à ces démarches. Il s’agit de comprendre comment les représentants syndicaux se forment aux enjeux de prévention des risques CMR et comment les connaissances qu’ils acquièrent leur permettent ensuite de développer différentes pratiques syndicales. Par la formation, les acteurs s’approprient de nouvelles compétences pour se mobiliser autour de ces questions et enclencher ensuite des dynamiques de prévention. Seulement, s’inscrire dans ces dynamiques de formation reste soumis à de multiples contingences. Les acteurs peuvent également lier de nouvelles relations avec des acteurs institutionnels (rôle de l’inspection du travail, de la Carsat, des médecins du travail, etc.), ce qui contribue, pour les représentants syndicaux notamment, à leur ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives dans les relations professionnelles qu’ils entretiennent avec les employeurs.

Institut national d'étude du travail et d'orientation professionnelle (INETOP)